Table 3.
Comparison of the patients in PA, SB and functional performance pre-operation and at <3 months, 3–6 months, 6–9 months and >12 months post-operation.
| Variable | SMD (95% CI) * | Studies (Participants) |
Effect Size | p-Value | I2 | Raw Difference (If Applicable) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <3 months post-operation | ||||||
| Number of steps | −0.06 (−0.36, 0.23) | 7 (792) | Small | 0.670 | 77% | −196.7 steps/day |
| Timed up and go test | 0.27 (−1.50, 2.04) | 3 (314) | Small | 0.770 | 98% | +1.58 s |
| 6 Minute Walk Test | 0.64 (−0.23, 1.51) | 4 (478) | Moderate | 0.150 | 91% | +59.9 m |
| 3–6 months post-operation | ||||||
| Moderate to vigorous physical activity | 0.12 (−0.25, 0.48) | 3 (301) | Small | 0.530 | 55% | / |
| Number of steps | 0.15 (−0.12, 0.42) | 4 (327) | Small | 0.390 | 25% | +373.8 steps/day |
| 6 Minute Walk Test | 0.65 (0.48, 0.82) | 5 (605) | Large | <0.01 | 93% | +90.2 m |
| 6–9 months post-operation | ||||||
| Moderate to vigorous physical activity | 0.33 (0.20, 0.46) | 9 (923) | Moderate | <0.001 | 42% | / |
| Light-intensity physical activity | 0.14 (0.06, 0.35) | 8 (889) | Small | 0.160 | 49% | / |
| Sedentary behavior | −0.00 (−0.18, 0.19) | 5 (473) | Small | 0.790 | 53% | −3.72 min/day |
| Number of steps | 0.47 (0.18, 0.76) | 12 (1418) | Moderate | <0.001 | 83% | +1064.1 steps/day |
| Timed-up and go test | −0.61 (−0.94, −0.28) | 3 (364) | Large | <0.001 | 53% | −1.91 s |
| 6 Minute Walk Test | 0.62 (0.26, 0.98) | 5 (493) | Large | <0.001 | 73% | +71.84 m |
| >12 months post-operation | ||||||
| Moderate to vigorous physical activity | 0.70 (0.53, 0.87) | 3 (573) | Large | <0.001 | 0% | |
| Number of steps | 0.52 (0.36, 0.69) | 7 (707) | Moderate | <0.001 | 13% | +1425.3 steps/say |
* Positive SMD—higher values post-operation. SMD—standardized mean difference; I2—I-squared statistics for study heterogeneity.