Table 3.
Survival Analyses of Overall Survival for Anal Canal Cancer Patients
| Characteristics | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | Reference | Reference | ||
| Female | 0.629(0.533–0.742) | <0.001 | 0.565(0.475–0.671) | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | ||||
| ≤76 | Reference | Reference | ||
| >76 | 2.805(2.285–3.445) | <0.001 | 3.040(2.444–3.780) | <0.001 |
| Race | ||||
| White | Reference | Reference | ||
| Black | 1.524(1.206–1.927) | <0.001 | - | 0.106 |
| Other | 1.128(0.713–1.784) | 0.608 | - | 0.907 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | Reference | Reference | ||
| Non-married | 1.451(1.223–1.721) | <0.001 | 1.219(1.023–1.454) | 0.027 |
| Tumor size (cm) | ||||
| <2.8 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 2.8–6.2 | 1.720(1.415–2.091) | <0.001 | 1.389(1.071–1.802) | 0.013 |
| >6.2 | 3.126(2.406–4.061) | <0.001 | 2.038(1.482–2.803) | <0.001 |
| Grade | ||||
| I | Reference | Reference | ||
| II | 1.108(0.839–1.464) | 0.470 | 1.186(0.891–1.581) | 0.243 |
| III | 1.304(0.987–1.723) | 0.062 | 1.418(1.060–1.898) | 0.019 |
| IV | 2.113(1.250–3.571) | 0.005 | 2.287(1.298–4.029) | 0.004 |
| Histological type | ||||
| SEM | Reference | Reference | ||
| AEM | 1.899(1.439–2.506) | <0.001 | 1.531(1.145–2.047) | 0.004 |
| Other | 1.921(1.423–2.593) | <0.001 | 1.698(1.224–2.356) | 0.002 |
| AJCC stage | ||||
| I | Reference | Reference | ||
| II | 1.790(1.374–2.332) | <0.001 | 1.317(0.931–1.865) | 0.120 |
| III A | 1.991(1.434–2.765) | <0.001 | 1.233(0.781–1.946) | 0.370 |
| III B | 2.758(2.077–3.663) | <0.001 | 1.666(1.092–2.542) | 0.018 |
| IV | 7.051(5.057–9.830) | <0.001 | 2.761 (1.567–4.866) | <0.001 |
| T stage | ||||
| T1 | Reference | Reference | ||
| T2 | 1.572(1.253–1.973) | <0.001 | - | 0.279 |
| T3 | 2.469(1.898–3.212) | <0.001 | - | 0.901 |
| T4 | 2.689(1.962–3.686) | <0.001 | - | 0.702 |
| N stage | ||||
| N0 | Reference | Reference | ||
| N1 | 1.521(1.188–1.947) | 0.001 | - | 0.174 |
| N2 | 1.681(1.336–2.115) | <0.001 | - | 0.200 |
| N3 | 2.322(1.790–3.013) | <0.001 | - | 0.396 |
| M stage | ||||
| M0 | Reference | Reference | ||
| M1 | 3.904(3.028–5.033) | <0.001 | - | >0.05 |
| SEER stage | ||||
| Localized | Reference | Reference | ||
| Regional | 1.629(1.356–1.957) | <0.001 | 1.405(1.083–1.824) | 0.011 |
| Distant | 3.711(2.946–4.675) | <0.001 | 2.223(1.441–3.428) | <0.001 |
| Surgery | ||||
| No surgery | Reference | Reference | ||
| Local resection | 0.752(0.624–0.906) | 0.003 | - | 0.946 |
| Radical resection | 1.639(1.253–2.144) | <0.001 | - | 0.847 |
| Chemotherapy | ||||
| Yes | Reference | Reference | ||
| No/NA | 1.485(1.207–1.825) | <0.001 | 1.783(1.429–2.226) | <0.001 |
| Radiotherapy | ||||
| Yes | Reference | Reference | ||
| No/NA | 1.488(1.195–1.853) | <0.001 | - | 0.504 |
Abbreviations: SEM, squamous epithelial-derived malignancy; AEM, adeno epithelial-derived malignancy; SEER, surveillance, epidemiology, and end results; AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer.