Table 1.
Demographic | Value | ||||
Age (years), mean (SD) | 70 (7) | ||||
Race or ethnicity, n (%) | |||||
|
White, non-Hispanic | 13 (68) | |||
|
Black | 0 (0) | |||
|
Asian | 3 (16) | |||
|
Hispanic | 2 (11) | |||
|
Other | 1 (5) | |||
Highest degree earned, n (%) | |||||
|
High school diploma | 2 (11) | |||
|
Associate degree | 1 (5) | |||
|
Bachelor’s degree | 5 (26) | |||
|
Master’s degree | 8 (42) | |||
|
Doctorate or professional | 3 (16) | |||
Ability to pay for basic living expenses, n (%) | |||||
|
Not hard at all | 14 (74) | |||
|
Somewhat hard | 4 (21) | |||
|
Very hard | 0 (0) | |||
|
Prefer not to answer | 1 (5) | |||
Social and health-related behaviors, n (%) | |||||
|
Physical activitya | ||||
|
|
Inactive | 3 (16) | ||
|
|
Insufficiently active | 3 (16) | ||
|
|
Sufficiently active | 13 (68) | ||
|
Ever smoked at least 100 cigarettes | 11 (58) | |||
|
Current smoking | 0 (0) | |||
|
Positive screen for alcohol useb | 4 (21) | |||
|
Social connection or isolation scorec | ||||
|
|
Most isolated | 7 (37) | ||
|
|
Very isolated | 1 (5) | ||
|
|
Somewhat isolated | 8 (42) | ||
|
|
Not isolated | 3 (16) | ||
Self-reported medical history | |||||
|
Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
|
|
Hypertension | 10 (53) | ||
|
|
Coronary artery disease | 5 (26) | ||
|
|
Angina | 2 (11) | ||
|
|
Congestive heart failure | 1 (5) | ||
|
|
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 0 (0) | ||
|
|
Diabetes | 2 (11) | ||
|
|
Stroke or intracerebral hemorrhage | 2 (11) | ||
|
|
Parkinson disease or multiple sclerosis | 0 (0) | ||
|
|
Visual impairment | 6 (32) | ||
|
|
Prostatitis | 9 (47) | ||
|
Number of comorbidities, mean (SD) | 2 (1.5) | |||
Revised Patients’ Attitudes Toward Deprescribing score, mean (SD) | |||||
|
Burden subscore | 2.7 (1.0) | |||
|
Appropriateness subscore | 2.7 (0.8) | |||
|
Willingness to stop medications subscore | 2.2 (0.8) | |||
|
Involvement in medications subscore | 4.2 (0.5) |
aPhysical activity was calculated in minutes per week engaged in moderate to strenuous activity and was categorized as inactive (0 min/week), insufficiently active (1–149 min/week), and sufficiently active (150+ min/week).
bAlcohol use was tabulated as a composite value integrating alcohol consumption frequency (How often do you have a drink?) and density (How many standard drinks on a typical day? How often do you have ≥6 drinks on one occasion?), and a score of ≥4 indicated a positive screening.
cSocial isolation was assessed as a composite value integrating not interacting with others, not attending social gatherings (church, meetings, or clubs), and not being married. The values could then be interpreted as follows: most isolated (0 to 1 point), very isolated (2 points), somewhat isolated (3 points), and not isolated (4 points).