Table 5.

Associations between animal source food consumption and underweight, overweight and anaemia

	Underweight BMI < 18.5 kg/m2			Overweight BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2			Anaemia Hgb < 120 g/L
ASF Consumption	Odds ratio	p‐value	95% CI	Odds ratio	p‐value	95% CI	Odds ratio	p‐value	95% CI
Binary model
No	Reference			Reference			Reference
Yes	0.68	0.015*	0.50–0.93	1.03	0.795	0.81–1.32	0.99	0.910	0.78–1.25
Categorical model (number of ASF groups consumed)
0	Reference			Reference			Reference
1	0.71	0.031*	0.51–0.97	1.02	0.904	0.78–1.32	1.00	0.998	0.78–1.29
2	0.58	0.013*	0.38–0.89	1.12	0.401	0.86–1.32	1.00	0.983	0.75–1.32
3	0.83	0.484	0.50–1.39	0.87	0.481	0.60–1.27	0.84	0.339	0.59–1.20
4	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Type of meat and fish consumed
Meat/poultry/offal
No	Reference			Reference			Reference
Yes	1.12	0.427	0.84–1.49	0.94	0.607	0.73–1.20	1.04	0.705	0.83–1.31
Fish
No	Reference			Reference			Reference
Yes	0.80	0.046*	0.65–0.99	1.03	0.784	0.86–1.23	1.00	0.963	0.85–1.18
Small fish
No	Reference			Reference			Reference
Yes	0.79	0.118	0.59–1.06	1.01	0.930	0.80–1.27	0.98	0.887	0.77–1.25
Large fish
No	Reference			Reference			Reference
Yes	0.86	0.139	0.70–1.05	1.07	0.426	0.91–1.26	1.01	0.865	0.87–1.18

Note: n = 2653. All associations were assessed with separate logistic regression models adjusted for age, division, education of the woman, education of the household head, wealth quintile and gender of the household head. The ASF binary model depicts whether food from at least one of the four ASF categories (meat and fish, organ meat, eggs, dairy products) was consumed or not. The ASF categorical model counts the number of individual ASF categories (meat and fish, organ meat, eggs, dairy products) that were consumed. Meat and fish were further analysed by type of meat and fish, including meat/poultry/offal, fish, small fish and large fish.

Abbreviations: ASF, animal source food; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; Hgb, haemoglobin.

*p < 0.05.