TABLE 1.
Clinical and biological characteristics of solid organ transplant recipients according to humoral response after mRNA-based vaccination
| Anti–SARS-CoV-2 positive patients (N = 134) | Anti–SARS-CoV-2 negative patients (N = 259) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender ratio % (M/F) | 2.4 (95/39) | 1.5 (156/103) | 0.037 |
| Age, mean ± SEM, y | 56 ± 1 | 61 ± 1 | <0.001 |
| Type of organ transplant, n (%) | 0.005 | ||
| Kidney | 97 (72) | 191 (74) | 0.773 |
| Liver | 31 (23) | 34 (13) | 0.011 |
| Thoracic organs | 5 (4) | 30 (12) | 0.009 |
| Pancreas | 1 (1) | 4 (2) | 0.665 |
| History of rejection in the y preceding vaccination, n (%) | 1 (1) | 4 (2) | 0.665 |
| Time between vaccination and transplantation, mean ± SEM, mo | 129 ± 8 | 101 ± 5 | 0.004 |
| No induction therapy, n (%) | 58 (43) | 84 (32) | 0.034 |
| Induction therapy, n (%) | 76 (57) | 175 (68) | |
| Anti-IL2 receptor | 46 (61) | 98 (56) | 0.601a |
| Thymoglobulin | 30 (39) | 74 (42) | |
| Other | – | 3 (2) | |
| Type of immunosuppressive regimen, n (%) | 0.532 | ||
| Anticalcineurins | 115 (86) | 216 (83) | |
| Tacrolimus | 102 (76) | 202 (78) | |
| Ciclosporin A | 13 (10) | 14 (5) | |
| Antimetabolite | 80 (60) | 197 (76) | <0.001 |
| MPA | 77 (96) | 193 (98) | <0.001 |
| Azathioprine | 3 (4) | 4 (2) | 0.694 |
| mTOR inhibitors | 45 (34) | 56 (22) | 0.010 |
| Steroids | 96 (72) | 211 (81) | 0.026 |
| Belatacept | 6 (4) | 35 (14) | 0.005 |
| Immunosuppressive combination, n (%) | |||
| Tacrolimus-MPA | 56 (42) | 155 (60) | <0.001 |
| With steroids | 39 (29) | 131 (51) | <0.001 |
| Without steroids | 17 (13) | 24 (9) | 0.293 |
| Tacrolimus-mTOR inhibitors | 31 (23) | 35 (14) | 0.016 |
| With steroids | 27 (20) | 31 (12) | 0.030 |
| Without steroids | 4 (3) | 4 (2) | 0.453 |
| Neutrophil count, mean ± SEM, /mm3 | 5111 ± 162 | 5210 ± 145 | 0.838 |
| Lymphocyte count, mean ± SEM, /mm3 | 1827 ± 84 | 1602 ± 82 | 0.004 |
| CD4+ T-cell count, mean ± SEM, /mm3 | n = 71; 570 ± 35 | n = 124; 434 ± 26 | 0.002 |
| CD8+ T-cell count, mean ± SEM, /mm3 | n = 71; 432 ± 40 | n = 124; 431 ± 32 | 0.979 |
| CD19+ lymphocyte count, mean ± SEM, /mm3 | n = 71; 188 ± 70 | n = 124; 82 ± 10 | <0.001 |
| NK cell count, mean ± SEM, /mm3 | n = 71; 261 ± 19 | n = 124; 219 ± 14 | 0.075 |
| Baseline eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 62 ± 2 | 51 ± 1 | <0.001 |
| Kidney transplant eGFR | 60 ± 3 | 49 ± 2 | <0.001 |
| Non-kidney transplant eGFR | 67 ± 4 | 56 ± 3 | 0.042 |
| Positive anti–SARS-CoV-2 antibodies before vaccination | n = 128; 1 | n = 257; 5 | 0.668 |
| History of COVID | n = 128; 1 | n = 257; 5 | 0.668 |
Bold P values are significant.
aComparison of the proportion of patients who received anti-IL2 receptor or thymoglobulin as induction therapy.
CD, cluster of differentiation; COVID, coronavirus disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; F, female; IL2, interleukin 2; M, male; mycophenolic acid, ; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; NK, natural killer; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.