Table 1.
Comparison of participants characteristics including gender, perinatal risk factors, cognitive level, ASD level, and coexisting neurodevelopmental conditions (n = 46).
| Total sample (n = 46) |
Children with feeding problems (n = 35) |
Children with no feeding problems (n = 11) |
p (2-sided)a | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 37 (80.4) | 28 (80.0) | 9 (81.8) | 1 |
| Female | 9 (19.1) | 7 (20.0) | 2 (18.2) | |
| Perinatal risk factors | ||||
| Clustering of birth complicationsb | 12 (26.1) | 8 (22.9) | 4 (36.4) | 0.441 |
| Preterm birthc | 5 (10.1) | 5 (14.3) | 0 (0) | 0.317 |
| Small size for gestational age (SGA)d | 4 (8.7) | 4 (11.4) | 0 (0) | 0.559 |
| Other medical conditions during the neonatal periode | 6 (13.0) | 5 (14.3) | 1 (9.1) | 1 |
| Cognitive level f | ||||
| AIF | 6 (13.0) | 5 (14.3) | 1 (9.1) | 0.767g |
| BIF | 12 (26.1) | 8 (22.9) | 4 (36.4) | |
| ID | 28 (60.9) | 22 (62.9) | 6 (54.5) | |
| ASD level | ||||
| Level 1 | 25 (54.3) | 15 (42.9) | 10 (90.9) | 0.006 |
| Level 2 | 21 (45.7) | 20 (57.1) | 1 (9.1) | |
| Coexisting neurodevelopmental conditionsh | 46 (100.0) | 35 (100.0) | 11 (100.0) | – |
Fisher's exact test was used except where otherwise specified. The test was conducted at a 5% significance level.
Such as intrauterine hypoxia or birth asphyxia, including 5 min Apgar scores <7; elective and emergency cesarean section; and assisted birth, including vacuum extraction and forceps.
Gestational age ≤ 36 weeks.
>2 SD below the mean birth weight for the gestational age according to Swedish birth weight standards.
Such as infections and neonatal jaundice.
AIF, average intellectual functioning; BIF, borderline intellectual functioning; ID, intellectual disability.
Kruskal-Wallis test was used.
Such as sleeping problems, early ADHD symptoms, language disorders and/or epilepsy.