FIG. 5.

PXL770 exerts direct anti‐inflammatory effects. (A) ob/ob mice epididymal adipose tissue explants: active nuclear NF‐kB activity measured (enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay) in tissue and cytokine levels in supernatants; ###P < 0.001 versus basal, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 versus IL‐1β or LPS alone (Student t test, one‐way ANOVA/Mann‐Whitney U test); n = 10‐11 observations, n = 7 mice. (B) Cytokine production from human M1 macrophages; n = 5 donors; nonsignificant P value noted for TNF‐α and MCP1. (C) Cytokine production from LPS‐primed human DCs (moDCs; n = 5 donors). (D) Induction of IL‐10‐producing T cells by LPS‐primed moDCs and T‐cell proliferation assay (n = 3 donors); *P < 0.05 versus vehicle (Student t test) for (B), (C), and (D).