Table 3.
Gross and Histological alterations | Lightning trauma | Thermally altered bone | References |
---|---|---|---|
Irregular longitudinal factures | No | Yes | [22,35] |
Transverse curvilinear fractures | No | Yes | [22,35] |
Soot and organic material deposition | No | Yes | [22,35] |
Colour changes | No | Yes | [23,24,35] |
Shape distortion and dimensional change | No | Yes | [22,24,35] |
Surface patination | No | Yes | [22,35] |
Thumbnail fractures | No | Yes | [22,35] |
Radiating micro-fracturing | Yes | Yes | [20,43] |
Circumferential micro-fracturing | Yes | Yes | [35,43] |
Circumferential irregular micro-fracturing | Yes | Yes | [35,43] |
Irregular micro-fracturing | Yes | Yes | [35,44,45] |
Summary of the observed bone histological alterations is presented comparing occurrences observed in the high impulse current experiments and similarities described in burnt bone literature as characteristic of heat-induced skeletal modifications.