Table 4.

The association of CCC with categorized change in FBG status (normal (FBG=<100 mg/dL and above normal FBG >100 mg/dL) from exam 4 to exam 5 (mean interval of 4.6 yrs), from exam 3 to exam 5 (mean interval of 6.3 yrs), and exam 2 to exam 5 (mean interval of 7.8 yrs).

	Female				Male
	Beta (95%CI) p value				Beta (95%CI) p value
	Crude	Adjusted Model 1	Adjusted Model 2	Adjusted Model 3	Crude	Adjusted Model 1	Adjusted Model 2	Adjusted Model 3
Exam 2 to Exam 5
All Participants
Sustained low	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Decreased	0.25 (0.02 to 0.49) 0.032	0.15 (-0.08 to 0.38) 0.190	0.06 (-0.16 to 0.29) 0.579	0.07 (-0.16 to 0.29) 0.568	0.04 (-0.20 to 0.28) 0.757	-0.03 (-0.27 to 0.20) 0.771	-0.08 (-0.30 to 0.15) 0.513	-0.09 (-0.32 to 0.14) 0.448
Increased	0.21 (0.04 to 0.39) 0.016	0.18 (0.01 to 0.34) 0.041	0.10 (-0.07 to 0.27) 0.231	0.12 (-0.05 to 0.29) 0.155	0.13 (-0.02 to 0.28) 0.091	0.14 (-0.01 to 0.29) 0.072	0.05 (-0.10 to 0.19) 0.511	0.04 (-0.10 to 0.19) 0.559
Sustained High	0.39 (0.23 to 0.54) <0.001	0.32 (0.17 to 0.47) <0.001	0.21 (0.05 to 0.36) 0.008	0.21 (0.06 to 0.37) 0.006	0.25 (0.11 to 0.38) <0.001	0.23 (0.09 to 0.36) 0.001	0.10 (-0.03 to 0.23) 0.142	0.09 (-0.04 to -0.23) 0.164
Participants with a zero CAC
Sustained low	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Decreased	0.37 (-0.02 to 0.76) 0.063	0.26 (-0.13 to 0.65) 0.195	0.18 (-0.21 to 5.33) 0.353	0.15 (-0.24 to 0.54) 0.448	0.35 (-0.12 to 0.82) 0.143	0.30 (-0.18 to 0.78) 0.214	0.25 (-0.20 to 0.71) 0.272	0.23 (-0.23 to 0.69) 0.329
Increased	0.41 (0.14 to 0.69) 0.003	0.38 (0.10 to 0.65) 0.007	0.29 (0.02 to 0.56) 0.038	0.28 (0.01 to 0.56) 0.043	0.28 (-0.01 to 0.57) 0.055	0.29 (0.00 to 0.58) 0.047	0.17 (-0.11 to 0.45) 0.240	0.16 (-0.12 to 0.44) 0.257
Sustained High	0.40 (0.15 to 0.66) 0.002	0.34 (0.09 to 0.60) 0.007	0.22 (-0.03 to 0.48) 0.089	0.21 (-0.05 to 0.47) 0.113	0.39 (0.07 to 0.71) 0.017	0.38 (0.06 to 0.70) 0.020	0.20 (-0.11 to 0.51) 0.209	0.21 (-0.10 to 0.52) 0.186
Exam 3 to Exam 5
All Participants
Sustained low	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Decreased	0.20 (-0.05 to 0.46) 0.116	0.14 (-0.10 to 0.39) 0.253	0.04 (-0.21 to 0.28) 0.775	0.05 (-0.19 to 0.30) 0.674	0.22 (-0.02 to 0.46) 0.078	0.14 (-0.10 to 0.38) 0.260	0.06 (-0.17 to 0.29) 0.592	0.10 (-0.34 to 0.53) 0.661
Increased	0.17 (-0.00 to 0.34) 0.053	0.14 (-0.03 to 0.30) 0.103	0.06 (-0.10 to 0.22) 0.476	0.08 (-0.09 to 0.24) 0.367	0.18 (0.04 to 0.33) 0.015	0.18 (0.04 to 0.33) 0.014	0.09 (-0.05 to 0.23) 0.216	0.26 (-0.02 to 0.54) 0.070
Sustained High	0.43 (0.28 to 0.59) <0.001	0.37 (0.22 to 0.53) <0.001	0.25 (0.09 to 0.41) 0.002	0.26 (0.10 to 0.42) 0.001	0.23 (0.09 to 0.37) 0.001	0.22 (0.08 to 0.35) 0.002	0.09 (-0.05 to 0.22) 0.204	0.05 (-0.27 to 0.37) 0.754
Participants with a zero CAC
Sustained low	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Decreased	0.17 (-0.23 to 0.58) 0.401	0.14 (-0.26 to 0.54) 0.492	0.03 (-0.37 to 0.44) 0.875	0.00 (-0.40 to 0.41) 0.995	0.22 (-0.23 to 0.66) 0.336	0.18 (-0.27 to 0.62) 0.441	0.11 (-0.32 to 0.54) 0.607	0.10 (-0.34 to 0.53) 0.661
Increased	0.26 (-0.02 to 0.53) 0.065	0.23 (-0.04 to 0.50) 0.090	0.15 (-0.12 to 0.42) 0.282	0.16 (-0.12 to 0.43) 0.262	0.41 (0.13 to 0.70) 0.005	0.42 (0.13 to 0.70) 0.004	0.26 (-0.01 to 0.54) 0.062	0.26 (-0.02 to 0.54) 0.070
Sustained High	0.51 (0.26 to 0.76) <0.001	0.45 (0.20 to 0.70) <0.001	0.33 (0.07 to 0.59) 0.013	0.30 (0.04 to 0.57) 0.023	0.19 (-0.14 to 0.52) 0.253	0.18 (-0.14 to 0.51) 0.267	0.03 (-0.28 to 0.35) 0.830	0.05 (-0.27 to 0.37) 0.754
Exam 4 to Exam 5
All Participants
Sustained low	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Decreased	0.17 (-0.04 to 0.38) 0.121	0.13 (-0.08 to 0.33) 0.226	0.05 (-0.16 to 0.25) 0.658	0.06 (-0.14 to 0.26) 0.574	-0.00 (-0.20 to 0.20) 0.993	-0.05 (-0.25 to 0.15) 0.643	-0.11 (-0.30 to 0.08) 0.265	-0.12 (-0.31 to 0.07) 0.227
Increased	0.26 (0.06 to 0.45) 0.009	0.21 (0.02 to 0.40) 0.027	0.12 (-0.06 to 0.31) 0.200	0.14 (-0.05 to 0.32) 0.153	0.13 (-0.03 to 0.30) 0.116	0.15 (-0.02 to 0.31) 0.080	0.08 (-0.08 to 0.24) 0.319	0.08 (-0.08 to 0.23) 0.348
Sustained High	0.36 (0.21 to 0.51) <0.001	0.31 (0.17 to 0.45) <0.001	0.20 (0.06 to 0.35) 0.006	0.21 (0.07 to 0.36) 0.004	0.22 (0.09 to 0.35) <0.001	0.21 (0.08 to 0.34) 0.002	0.06 (0.07 to 0.19) 0.336	0.05 (-0.07 to 0.19) 0.380
Participants with a zero CAC
Sustained low	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Decreased	0.21 (-0.13 to 0.55) 0.226	0.21 (-0.12 to 0.54) 0.213	0.16 (-0.17 to 0.50) 0.334	0.15 (-0.18 to 0.49) 0.357	-0.10 (-0.47 to 0.26) 0.581	-0.17 (-0.54 to 0.20) 0.377	-0.22 (-0.57 to 0.14) 0.230	-0.22 (-0.58 to 0.13) 0.220
Increased	0.39 (0.11 to 0.67) 0.007	0.35 (0.07 to 0.62) 0.013	0.27 (-0.00 to 0.55) 0.054	0.28 (0.00 to 0.56) 0.048	0.36 (0.02 to 0.70) 0.037	0.37 (0.03 to 0.71) 0.030	0.28 (-0.03 to 0.60) 0.080	0.29 (-0.03 to 0.61) 0.079
Sustained High	0.44 (0.19 to 0.70) <0.001	0.40 (0.15 to 0.65) 0.002	0.29 (0.03 to 0.54) 0.030	0.26 (-0.00 to 0.051)	0.25 (-0.04 to 0.53) 0.089	0.24 (-0.04 to 0.53) 0.092	0.04 (-0.24 to 0.32) 0.771	0.05 (-0.23 to 0.33) 0.744

Model 1 is adjusted for age; Model 2 is Model 1 plus race and BMI at exam 5.

The log transformation of the original CCC was used for this analysis.

Cells with significant associations are marked in bold.