Table 1.

Metabolites perturbed in INS-1 832/13 cells exposed to arsenicals as compared to unexposed controls (Ctrl)

Codea	Metaboliteb	Fold Changec
		iAsIII vs Ctrl	MAsIII vs Ctrl	DMAsIII vs Ctrl
A	Acetylcarnitine	−1.8	−1.6	−1.8
	Succinic acid	−1.5	−1.4	−1.7
C	Aminobutyric acid	−1.6		−1.6
	Nicotinamide	−1.3		−1.8
D	N-Methyl-L-glutamic acid		−2.5	−7.3
	Glutamic acid		−1.5	−1.6
E	Betaine	−1.3
F	Cyclic adenosine monophosphate		2.5
	Carnitine		1.3
	Aspartic acid		3.6
	Raffinose		−1.6
	O-Phosphorylethanolamine		3.0
G	4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid			1.4
	Adenosine			2.7
	Azelaic acid			1.4
	Creatine			−3.0
	Cytosine			−3.0
	Guanine			−2.4
	Guanosine			−3.8
	Hypoxanthine			−2.7
	Inosine			−4.1
	Alanine			−2.2
	Glutathione reduced			−10.6
	Methionine			−1.5
	Phenylalanine			−1.5
	Proline			−1.4
	Tyrosine			−1.7
	Methylthioadenosine			−1.9
	Ornithine			−1.8
	Phosphorylcholine			−1.9
	S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine			−3.1
	Serotonin			−1.9
	Spermidine			−1.5
	Spermine			−1.7
	Suberic acid			1.4
	Threonine			−1.3
	Tryptophan			−1.7
	Uridine			−3.8
	Xanthine			−1.7
	5-Aminolevulinic acid			−1.3
	Cytidine			−3.6
	Valine			−1.4
	Norleucine			−1.8

^aCapital letters (A-G) correspond to the area codes in Venn diagram in Fig. 4a.

^bMetabolites satisfying VIP≥ 1.0 and p<0.05 in pairwise comparison of the arsenical-treated and control INS-1 832/13 cells.

^cFold Change, the ratio of intensity between the arsenical treated cells vs the control cells, based on the mean, indicates the direction and magnitude of change: positive FC indicates increase compared to control and negative FC indicates decrease compared to control. Lack of FC value (gray area) indicates that the metabolite did not satisfy the above criteria.