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. 2021 Dec 27;14(Suppl 4):i72–i84. doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfab192

Figure 2:

Figure 2:

The various origins of multisystemic stress induced by HD therapies can be divided into two main categories, hemodynamic and non hemodynamic. DISS acts as a negative disease modifier to worsen long-term outcomes and contributes significantly to end damage of vital organs and the symptom burden of HD patients.