Table 1.
Demographics and baseline characteristics of COVID-19 patients
| Variables | Healthy control (n = 27) | Non-COVID-19 (n = 17) | COVID-19 |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n = 71) | Non-severe (n = 48) | Severe (n = 23) | |||
| Sex, no.(%) | |||||
| Male | 18 (66.7) | 9 (52.9) | 46 (64.8) | 32 (66.7) | 14 (60.9) |
| Female | 9 (33.3) | 8 (47.1) | 25 (35.2) | 16 (33.3) | 9 (39.1) |
| Age, year | |||||
| Mean ± SD | 47.1 ± 9.8 | 54.5 ± 19.6 | 48.6 ± 14.5 | 44.6 ± 13.7 | 56.8 ± 12.7 |
| Median (IQR) | 48.0 (40.0–53.0) | 59.0 (40.0–69.0) | 51.0 (36.0–59.0) | 44.0 (36.0–54.8) | 56.0 (47.0–65.0) |
| Range | 30.0–72.0 | 15.0–85.0 | 4.0–77.0 | 4.0–70.0 | 33.0–77.0 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | |||||
| Mean ± SD | 24.4 ± 2.7 | 21.7 ± 2.3 | 24.9 ± 3.0 | 24.4 ± 3.2 | 25.9 ± 2.3 |
| Median (IQR) | 24.3 (22.2–26.9) | 22.0 (19.2–23.7) | 24.9 (22.8–27.0) | 24.4 (22.0–26.8) | 25.8 (24.6–27.2) |
| Range | 20.5–29.1 | 17.7–25.1 | 16.0–31.3 | 16.0–30.7 | 22.2–31.3 |
| Symptoms, no. (%) | |||||
| Fever | 10 (58.8) | 46 (64.8) | 28 (58.3) | 18 (78.3) | |
| Cough | 7 (41.2) | 28 (39.4) | 17 (35.4) | 11 (47.8) | |
| Headache | 3 (17.6) | 5 (7.0) | 3 (6.3) | 2 (8.7) | |
| Fatigue | 2 (11.8) | 5 (7.0) | 2 (4.2) | 3 (13.0) | |
| Pharyngalgia | 3 (17.6) | 3 (4.2) | 3 (6.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Expectoration | 5 (29.4) | 6 (8.5) | 4 (8.3) | 2 (8.7) | |
| Diarrhea | 0 (0.0) | 3 (4.2) | 2 (4.2) | 1 (4.3) | |
| Chest tightness | 4 (23.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Chest CT, no. (%) | |||||
| Involvement of chest radiographs | 3 (17.6) | 67 (94.4) | 44 (91.7) | 23 (100.0) | |
| Comorbidity, no. (%) | |||||
| Hypertension | 3 (17.6) | 9 (12.7) | 6 (12.5) | 3 (13.0) | |
| Diabetes | 1 (5.9) | 7 (9.9) | 5 (10.4) | 2 (8.7) | |
| Respiratory system | 2 (11.8) | 3 (4.2) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (13.0) | |
| Other endocrine system | 0 (0.0) | 4 (5.6) | 1 (2.1) | 3 (13.0) | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Digestive system | 0 (0.0) | 3 (4.2) | 2 (4.2) | 1 (4.3) | |
| Oxygenation index, mmHg | |||||
| Mean ± SD | 458.4 ± 123.4 | 483.9 ± 126.7 | 391.9 ± 85.0 | ||
| Median (IQR) | 440.5 (380.9–502.4) | 447.6 (319.1–528.6) | 361.1 (323.8–469.0) | ||
| Range | 295.2–890.5 | 319.1–890.5 | 295.2–490.0 | ||
| Treatment, no. (%) | |||||
| Oxygen inhalation | 3 (17.6) | 62 (87.3) | 39 (81.3) | 23 (100) | |
| Antibiotics | 7 (41.2) | 7 (9.9) | 5 (10.4) | 2 (8.7) | |
| Antiviral drug | 3 (17.6) | 71 (100.0) | 48 (100.0) | 23 (100.0) | |
| Immunoglobulin | 0 (0.0) | 14 (19.7) | 1 (2.1) | 13 (56.5) | |
| Methylprednisolone | 2 (11.8) | 20 (28.2) | 7 (14.6) | 13 (56.5) | |
| Chinese medicine | 0 (0.0) | 71 (100.0) | 48 (100.0) | 23 (100.0) | |
CT, computed tomography; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation.