Table 1.
TSPO cell origin in preclinical models of neurological diseases
| Human use | Preclinical model | Microglia | Astrocytes | Endothelial cells | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acute inflammation | LV-CNTF | x | x | [138] | |
| AAV-TNF | x | x | x | [139] | |
| Ischemia | MCAO | x | x | [141–143] | |
| Multiple sclerosis | EAE | x | [146, 150] | ||
| EAE in TSPOko | x | [149] | |||
| CPZ | x | x | [147, 148] | ||
| Alzheimer’s disease | APP23 | x | [153] | ||
| PS19 | x | [153] | |||
| APPswe/PSEN1ΔE9 | x | x | [151, 154] | ||
| APPNL-G-F | x | [157] | |||
| 3xTg-AD | x | x | [159] | ||
| 5xFAD | x | [154, 155] | |||
| Schizophrenia | MIA | x | x | x | [191] |
LV-CNTF lentivirus encoding ciliary neurotrophic factor, AAV-TNF adeno-associated virus encoding tumor necrosis factor, MCAO middle cerebral artery occlusion, EAE experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, TSPOko 18 kDa translocator protein knockout, CPZ cuprizone, APP amyloid precursor protein, PSEN presenilin, 3xTg triple transgenic model, 5xFAD five AD-linked mutation model, MIA maternal immune activation model