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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics. 2021 Aug 19;17(1-2):144–166. doi: 10.1177/15562646211038819

Table 4.

Mean Understanding and Confidence in Understanding Scores by Condition and Study Group.

Understanding and confidence in understanding scores

eIC F2F


Study group Mean SD Mean SD Difference

Mean understanding score (out of 100)
Midwest 92.87 8.23 89.96 7.57 2.91
Northeast-E 77.03 9.50 79.40 9.33 −2.37
Northeast-S 70.34 10.83 71.46 10.06 −1.12
Overall 82.16 13.08 82.08 11.33 0.08
Mean confidence in understanding score (out of 100)
Midwest 97.65 6.61 97.66 4.35 −0.01
Northeast-E 91.82 14.26 96.12 6.61 −4.30
Northeast-S 85.97 18.18 90.76 11.98 −4.80
Overall 93.03 13.46 95.66 7.74 −2.63

Note. eIC = electronic informed consent; F2F = face-to-face; Northeast-E = English-speaking Northeast; Northeast-S = Spanish-speaking Northeast.