Table 3.
Seropositivity by characteristics and time period
| Demographics | Categories | Seropositivity, n/N (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| End of wave 1 | End of wave 2 | Overall | ||
| Subpopulation | Rural | 81/302 (26.8) | 307/454 (67.6) | 388/756 (51.3) |
| Urban slum | 136/311 (43.7) | 251/334 (75.1) | 387/645 (60.0) | |
| Urban affluent | 73/295 (24.7) | 204/239 (85.4) | 277/534 (51.9) | |
| Healthcare workers | 101/320 (31.6) | 170/178 (95.5) | 271/498 (54.4) | |
| Age | < 20 years | 75/237 (31.6) | 162/217 (74.7) | 237/454 (52.2) |
| 21–40 years | 166/540 (30.7) | 385/477 (80.7) | 551/1017 (54.2) | |
| 41–60 years | 105/317 (33.1) | 294/381 (77.2) | 399/698 (57.2) | |
| > 60 years | 45/134 (33.6) | 91/130 (70.0) | 136/264 (51.5) | |
| Gender | Male | 168/558 (30.1) | 379/497 (76.3) | 547/1,055 (51.8) |
| Female | 223/670 (33.3) | 553/708 (78.1) | 776/1378 (56.3) | |
| Education | Graduate | 161/534 (30.1) | 307/344 (89.2) | 468/878 (53.3) |
| Primary to high school* | 199/616 (32.3) | 552/745 (74.1) | 751/1361 (55.2) | |
| Illiterate | 31/78 (39.7) | 73/116 (62.9) | 104/194 (53.6) | |
| Occupation | Professional | 94/332 (28.3) | 170/182 (93.4) | 264/514 (51.4) |
| Semi-professional | 31/109 (28.4) | 111/122 (91.0) | 142/231 (61.5) | |
| Skilled worker | 71/214 (33.2) | 222/314 (70.7) | 293/528 (55.5) | |
| Unskilled/daily wage laborers | 29/63 (46.0) | 71/111 (64.0) | 100/174 (57.5) | |
| Housewife/unemployed/student | 166/510 (32.5) | 358/476 (75.2) | 524/985 (53.1) | |
| Socioeconomic class | Upper | 41/197 (20.8) | 106/116 (91.4) | 147/313 (47.0) |
| Middle | 188/554 (33.9) | 319/369 (86.4) | 507/923 (54.9) | |
| Lower | 162/477 (34.0) | 507/720 (70.4) | 669/1197 (55.9) | |
| Smoking habit | Smoker | 14/38 (36.8) | 0/0 (NA) | 14/38 (36.8) |
| Non-smoker | 377/1190 (31.7) | 932/1205 (77.3) | 1309/2395 (54.7) | |
| Alcohol Consumption | Alcohol consumer | 14/41 (34.1) | 2/2 (100.0) | 16/43 (37.2) |
| Non-consumer | 377/1187 (31.8) | 930/1203 (77.3) | 1307/2390 (54.7) | |
| Comorbidities | No comorbidities | 301/989 (30.4) | 749/976 (76.7) | 1050/1965 (53.4) |
| Diabetes | 33/70 (47.1) | 56/72 (77.8) | 89/142 (62.7) | |
| Hypertension | 28/70 (40.0) | 54/65 (83.1) | 82/135 (60.7) | |
| Asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 3/30 (10.0) | 12/14 (85.7) | 15/44 (34.1) | |
| CAD/heart disease | 3/4 (75.0) | 6/8 (75.0) | 9/12 (75) | |
| Any two or more comorbidities | 23/65 (35.4) | 55/70 (78.6) | 78/135 (57.8) | |
| Presence of symptoms** | Yes | 120/339 (35.4) | 210/249 (84.3) | 330/588 (56.1) |
| No | 271/889 (30.5) | 722/956 (75.5) | 993/1845 (53.8) | |
| Close contact with confirmed cases | Yes | 102/320 (31.9) | 171/182 (94.0) | 273/502 (54.4) |
| No | 289/908 (31.8) | 761/1023 (74.4) | 1050/1931 (54.4) | |
| Mask usage in public places | Cloth | 218/645 (33.8) | 552/769 (71.8) | 770/1414 (54.5) |
| Surgical | 148/473 (31.3) | 333/382 (87.2) | 481/855 (56.3) | |
| N95 | 25/110 (22.7) | 47/54 (87.0) | 72/164 (43.9) | |
*< 12 years of formal education
**Suggestive of recent respiratory infection in the last 6 months