Table 1.
Anthropometric, clinical and laboratory variables in women with GDM and controls.
| GDM (N = 47) | Control (N = 47) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 33.0 ± 3.57 | 32.1 ± 2.88 | 0.161 |
| Height | 162.04 ± 4.98 | 163.82 ± 5.78 | 0.118 |
| Pre-pregnancy weight | 58.65 ± 7.84 | 55.60 ± 7.03 | 0.053 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI | 22.32 ± 2.69 | 20.68 ± 2.01 | 0.001** |
| Gravidity | 1.98 ± 1.14 | 1.74 ± 0.96 | 0.278 |
| Parity | 1.38 ± 0.53 | 1.32 ± 0.47 | 0.532 |
| Family history of diabetes | 0.284 | ||
| Yes | 11 (23.4%) | 6 (12.8%) | |
| No | 36 (76.6%) | 41 (87.2%) | |
| Smoking | 1 | ||
| Yes | 2 (4.3%) | 1 (2.1%) | |
| No | 45 (95.7%) | 46 (97.9%) | |
| Drinking | 1 | ||
| Yes | 5 (10.6%) | 4 (8.5%) | |
| No | 42 (89.4%) | 43 (91.5%) | |
| Education background | 1 | ||
| University or above | 38 (80.9%) | 39 (83.0%) | |
| Junior college or below | 9 (19.1%) | 8 (17.0%) | |
| Laboratory parameter | |||
| FBG (mmol/L) | 4.86 ± 0.49 | 4.64 ± 0.36 | 0.015* |
| CHOL (mmol/L) | 4.46 ± 0.73 | 4.12 ± 0.64 | 0.019* |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.26 (0.91-1.63) | 1.02 (0.85-1.26) | 0.023* |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.48 ± 0.30 | 1.49 ± 0.29 | 0.920 |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 2.33 ± 0.60 | 2.08 ± 0.47 | 0.026* |
| Putrescine (μmol/L) | 52.10 (48.00-55.12) | 33.16 (20.09-39.74) | <0.001*** |
*P < 0.05. **P < 0.01. ***P < 0.001.
GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; CHOL, cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein.