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. 2021 Nov 1;8(6):4780–4790. doi: 10.1002/ehf2.13659

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© 2021 The Authors. ESC Heart Failure published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Society of Cardiology.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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SERPINA3 expression levels. Panel (A) shows SERPINA3 myocardial expression in surviving and non‐surviving heart failure patients compared with control patients. Panel (B) shows SERPINA3 plasma levels in surviving and non‐surviving heart failure patients compared with control patients. Panel (C) shows transmyocardial gradient of SERPINA3 as a difference between coronary sinus and arterial levels. Panel (D) shows fold increase in SERPINA3 secretion by human coronary artery endothelial cells after IL‐1β or TNF‐α stimulation compared with unstimulated cells (data represent four experiments). Panel (E) shows spline curve analysis to determine the optimal SERPINA3 cut‐off value for all‐cause mortality.