Table 3.
Correlation analysis and adjusted multiple regression analysis between different echocardiographic parameters (peak, change, and per cent change from baseline) and peak B‐lines
| Correlation analysis | Adjusted multiple regression analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spearman rho | P‐value | Beta coefficient (standard error) | P‐values | |
| E‐wave (cm/s) | 0.47 | <0.0001 | 0.036 (0.013) | 0.009 |
| E‐wave (cm/s) | 0.48 | <0.0001 | 0.040 (0.014) | 0.006 |
| (%) E‐wave | 0.37 | 0.001 | 0.013 (0.006) | 0.034 |
| E/A | 0.22 | 0.045 | 0.509 (0.895) | 0.571 |
| E/A | 0.32 | 0.004 | 1.253 (0.726) | 0.089 |
| (%) E/A | 0.36 | 0.001 | 0.011 (0.006) | 0.064 |
| Average e′ | −0.23 | 0.038 | −0.406 (0.138) | 0.004 |
| average e′ | 0.01 | 0.918 | 0.122 (0.302) | 0.689 |
| (%) average e′ | 0.10 | 0.412 | 0.026 (0.020) | 0.203 |
| Average E/e′ | 0.54 | <0.0001 | 0.309 (0.086) | 0.001 |
| average E/e′ | 0.41 | <0.0001 | 0.272 (0.109) | 0.015 |
| (%) average E/e′ | 0.25 | 0.023 | 0.013 (0.007) | 0.042 |
| LV ejection fraction (%) (IQR) | −0.04 | 0.737 | −0.027 (0.041) | 0.521 |
| LV ejection fraction (%), median (IQR) | −0.13 | 0.256 | −0.018 (0.080) | 0.824 |
| (%) LV ejection fraction, median (IQR) | −0.13 | 0.253 | −0.011 (0.042) | 0.792 |
| GLS (%) a | 0.47 | <0.0001 | 0.544 (0.249) | 0.032 |
| GLS (%) | 0.42 | <0.0001 | 0.497 (0.560) | 0.377 |
| (%) GLS | −0.39 | <0.0001 | −0.068 (0.096) | 0.482 |
| GSRs (1/s) | −0.38 | <0.0001 | −1.684 (2.902) | 0.563 |
| GSRs (1/s) | −0.41 | <0.0001 | −6.319 (4.742 | 0.187 |
| (%) GSRs (1/s) | −0.44 | <0.0001 | −0.061 (0.041) | 0.141 |
| GSRe (1/s) | −0.35 | 0.002 | −1.054 (1.270) | 0.409 |
| GSRe (1/s) | −0.49 | <0.0001 | −0.451 (1.413) | 0.751 |
| (%) GSRe | −0.50 | <0.0001 | −0.004 (0.014) | 0.763 |
| GSRa (1/s) | −0.18 | 0.107 | −1.167 (3.615) | 0.748 |
| GSRa (1/s) | −0.31 | 0.006 | −8.745 (5.936) | 0.145 |
| (%) GSRa | −0.31 | 0.005 | −0.069 (0.042) | 0.106 |
| GSRivr (1/s) | −0.43 | <0.0001 | −9.080 (3.663) | 0.016 |
| GSRivr (1/s) | −0.39 | <0.0001 | −21.526 (7.753) | 0.007 |
| (%) GSRivr | −0.30 | 0.007 | −0.079 (0.035) | 0.026 |
| E‐wave/GSRe (1/s) | 0.56 | <0.0001 | 0.002 (0.002) | 0.485 |
| E‐wave/GSRe (1/s) | 0.55 | <0.0001 | 0.001 (0.002) | 0.534 |
| (%) E‐wave/GSRe (%) | 0.42 | <0.0001 | 0.001 (0.001) | 0.641 |
| E‐wave/GSRivr (1/s) | 0.57 | <0.0001 | 0.012 (0.004) | 0.003 |
| E‐wave/GSRivr (1/s) | 0.56 | <0.0001 | 0.017 (0.005) | 0.001 |
| (%) E‐wave/GSRivr (1/s) | 0.42 | <0.0001 | 0.018 (0.007) | 0.007 |
| Rest B‐lines | 0.47 | <0.0001 | 0.282 (0.228) | 0.221 |
BNP, B‐type natriuretic peptide; CAD, coronary artery disease; GLS, global longitudinal strain; GSRa, global strain rate during late diastole; GSRe, global strain rate during early diastole; GSRivr, global strain rate during the isovolumic relaxation; GSRs, systolic global strain rate; IQR, inter‐quartile range; LV, left ventricular.
Model for adjustment: age, gender, CAD, diabetes, left ventricular mass index, left atrial volume index, and BNP at peak exercise.
a
Analyses for GLS were performed with negative values; (%) , per cent variation from baseline.