Table 4.
Univariable and multivariable analysis (backward elimination method) for peak B‐lines
| Model with resting echocardiographic predictors | Model with peak echocardiographic predictors | Model with absolute changes of echocardiographic predictors | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis a | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis b | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis c | |||||||
| Beta coefficient (standard error) | P‐value | Beta coefficient (standard error) | P‐value | Beta coefficient (standard error) | P‐value | Beta coefficient (standard error) | P‐value | Beta coefficient (standard error) | P‐value | Beta coefficient (standard error) | P‐value | |
| Baseline significant predictors | ||||||||||||
| Male | −0.532 (0.801) | 0.508 | −0.532 (0.801) | 0.508 | −0.532 (0.801) | 0.508 | ||||||
| Age (years) | 0.089 (0.048) | 0.068 | 0.089 (0.048) | 0.068 | 0.089 (0.048) | 0.068 | ||||||
| Diabetes | −2.121 (0.801) | 0.01 | −2.362 (0.567) | <0.0001 | −2.121 (0.801) | 0.01 | −2.015 (0.496) | <0.0001 | −2.121 (0.801) | 0.01 | −1.435 (0.551) | 0.009 |
| Coronary artery disease | 1.951 (0.833) | 0.022 | 1.508 (0.570) | 0.01 | 1.951 (0.833) | 0.022 | 1.951 (0.833) | 0.022 | ||||
| Statin | 5.292 (1.736) | 0.003 | 5.292 (1.736) | 0.003 | 5.292 (1.736) | 0.003 | ||||||
| Aldosterone antagonist | 2.294 (1.020) | 0.027 | 2.294 (1.020) | 0.027 | 2.294 (1.020) | 0.027 | ||||||
| BNP rest (pg/mL) | 0.049 (0.008) | <0.0001 | 0.017 (0.009) | 0.048 | 0.049 (0.008) | <0.0001 | 0.02 (0.007) | 0.009 | 0.049 (0.008) | <0.0001 | 0.028 (0.008) | 0.001 |
| LV mass index (g/m2) | 0.049 (0.013) | <0.0001 | 0.028 (0.009) | 0.005 | 0.049 (0.013) | <0.0001 | 0.049 (0.013) | <0.0001 | ||||
| Rest B‐lines | 1.109 (0.231) | <0.0001 | 0.605 (0.221) | 0.008 | 1.109 (0.231) | <0.0001 | 0.856 (0.198) | <0.0001 | 1.109 (0.231) | <0.0001 | 0.614 (0.220) | 0.007 |
| Standard and strain echocardiographic predictors | ||||||||||||
| Average E/e′ | 0.459 (0.169) | 0.008 | 0.305 (0.124) | 0.016 | 0.563 (0.096) | <0.0001 | 0.461 (0.071) | <0.0001 | 0.519 (0.124) | <0.0001 | 0.358 (0.103) | 0.001 |
| GLS (%) | 1.403 (0.325) | <0.0001 | 1.255 (0.245) | <0.0001 | 2.499 (0.652) | <0.0001 | ||||||
| GSRs (1/s) | −16.336 (5.567) | 0.004 | −12.957 (3.061) | <0.0001 | −24.005 (5.435) | <0.0001 | ||||||
| GSRe (1/s) | −11.311 (3.550) | 0.002 | −4.566 (1.597) | 0.005 | −3.373 (1.982) | 0.093 | ||||||
| GSRa (1/s) | −4.982 (5.878) | 0.399 | −11.122 (4.734) | 0.021 | −6.404 (3.054) | 0.039 | −21.282 (7.783) | 0.008 | ||||
| GSRivr (1/s) | −20.481 (5.043) | <0.0001 | −10.768 (4.254) | 0.014 | −20.007 (3.916) | <0.0001 | −41.676 (10.514) | <0.0001 | −19.817 (10.037) | 0.001 | ||
| Model adjusted R 2 | 0.701 | 0.776 | 0.740 | |||||||||
BNP, B‐type natriuretic peptide; GLS, global longitudinal strain; GSRa, global strain rate during late diastole; GSRe, global strain rate during early diastole; GSRivr, global strain rate during the isovolumic relaxation; GSRs, systolic global strain rate; LV, left ventricular.
a
GSRs and GSRe were excluded from the multivariable model because of multicollinearity issues.
b
GSRs and GSRivr were excluded from the multivariable model because of multicollinearity issues.
c
GSRs was excluded from the multivariable model because of multicollinearity issues.