Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients.
| Variable | Hemorrhage Group (n = 18) | No-hemorrhage Group (n = 42) | P -value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 48.5 ± 11.7 | 48.0 ± 14.6 | 0.899 |
| Gender | 0.231 | ||
| Male | 12 (66.7%) | 34 (81.0%) | |
| Female | 6 (33.3%) | 8 (19.0%) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Hypertension | 9 (50.0%) | 13 (40.1%) | 0.161 |
| Diabetes | 2 (11.1%) | 2 (4.8%) | 0.576 |
| Preexisting Cardiac Disorder | 8(44.4%) | 12 (28.6%) | 0.232 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases | 3 (16.7%) | 1 (2.4%) | 0.077 |
| Chronic Kidney Diseases | 2 (11.1%) | 0 (0) | 0.086 |
| Cancer | 1 (5.6%) | 1 (2.4) | 0.514 |
| Anti-platelet or anticoagulant history | 7 (38.9%) | 15 (35.7%) | 0.859 |
| Cause of ECMO Therapy | |||
| Cardiogenic Shock | 7 (38.9%) | 25 (59.5%) | 0.142 |
| Respiratory failure | 4(22.2%) | 2 (4.8%) | 0.060 |
| Infectious shock | 3 (16.7%) | 1(2.4%) | 0.077 |
| Traumatic shock | 2 (11.1%) | 5 (11.9%) | 1.000 |
| Electrical injury | 0 (0) | 2 (4.8%) | 1.000 |
| Intoxication | 0 (0%) | 1 (2.4%) | 1.000 |
| Aortic dissection | 1 (5.6%) | 3 (7.1%) | 1.000 |
| Others | 1 (5.6%) | 3 (7.1%) | 1.000 |
| APACHE II | 26.2 ± 7.1 | 24.9 ± 10.2 | 0.621 |
| Body temperature pre-ECMO, °C | 36.8 | 37.1 | 0.598 |
| Time from onset to ECMO initiation, h | 9.0 (5.0–19.25) | 3.0 (1.0–6.5) | 0.002* |
| Duration of ECMO support, h | 141.3 (72.0–288.0) | 27.3 (8.8–87.5) | 0.001* |
| Mode | 0.008* | ||
| V-V ECMO | 5 (27.8%) | 1 (2.4%) | |
| V-A ECMO | 13 (72.2%) | 41 (97.6%) | |
| ECMO combined with CRRT | 5 (27.7%) | 6 (14.3%) | 0.216 |
| Outcome | 0.389 | ||
| Mortality | 14 (77.8%) | 28 (66.7%) | |
| Discharge | 4 (22.2%) | 14 (33.3%) | |
Data are mean ± standard, median (IQR), n (%). P-values were calculated by Mann-Whitney U-test, χ2 test, or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate. COPD, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; CKD, Chronic Kidney Disease; APACHE, Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Evaluation; CRRT, Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy.
*
P-value < 0.05.