Table 3.
Various vaccines available for COVID-19.
| Vaccine | Manufacturer | Origin of vaccine | Dose(s) required | Efficacy against COVID-19 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BNT162b2 or Comirnaty | Pfizer-BioNTech; Fosun Pharma | m-RNA-based vaccine | 2 doses, 21 days apart | 94% (Dagan et al., 2021) |
| ChAdOx1-S or AstraZeneca or Covishield (India) | Oxford-AstraZeneca | Adenovirus vector expressed in chimpanzee | 2 doses, 28 days apart | 60%–75% (Lopez Bernal et al., 2021) |
| NVX-CoV2373 | Novavax | Spike protein expressed in baculovirus | 2 doses, 21 days apart | 95.6% (Mahase, 2021) |
| Gam-Covid-Vac or Sputnik V | Gamaleya Research Institute, Acellena Contract Drug Research and Development | Spike protein expressed in adenovirus Ad5 and Ad26 vectors | 2 doses, 21 days apart | 92% (Roxby, 2020) |
| Moderna COVID-19 vaccine or mRNA-1273 | Moderna, U.S. Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (Dagan et al., 2021), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) | m-RNA vaccine expressing adenovirus type 26 (dose 1) and adenovirus type 5 (dose 2) | 2 doses, 28 days apart | 94.5% (Voysey et al., 2021) |
| Covaxin | Bharat Biotech, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) | Inactivated virus vaccine | 2 doses, 28 days apart | 81% (Biotech, 2021) |
| BBIBP-CorV | Beijing Institute of Biological Products; China National Pharmaceutical Group (Sinopharm) | Inactivated virus vaccine | 2 doses, 21 or 28 days apart | 79% (Yan et al., 2021) |
| JNJ-78436735 or Ad26.COV2.S or Janssen COVID-19 vaccine | Janssen Biotech Inc.—Janssen Pharmaceutical Company of Johnson & Johnson | Spike protein expressed in adenovirus Ad26 vector | 2 doses, 56 days apart | 76.7%–85.4% for severe COVID-19 patients (Yan et al., 2021) |
| CoronaVac | Sinovac | Whole inactivated virus vaccines with alum as an adjuvant | 2 doses, 14–28 days apart | 50%–91% (Yan et al., 2021) |
| EpiVacCorona | Federal Budgetary Research Institution State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology | Subunit vaccine | 2 doses, 21–28 days apart | 100% (Phase I and Phase II trials) Merah et al. (2021) |
| Ad5-nCoV or Convidicea | CanSino Biologics | Spike protein expressed in adenovirus Ad5 vector | 1 dose | 90.98% (interim analysis) (Peshimam and Farooq, 2021) |
| ZF2001 | Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical, Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences | Recombinant vaccine | 3 doses within 90 days | NA |
| Name not yet announced | Wuhan Institute of Biological Products; China National Pharmaceutical Group (Sinopharm) | Inactivated vaccine | NA | 72.5% (interim analysis) (Yan et al., 2021) |
COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019.
NA, Not Applicable.