Table 2.
Characteristics of fully vaccinated, partially vaccinated and unvaccinated hospitalized HFMD patients, 2017–2018, China
| Characteristics | Unvaccinated patients (n=1516) N (%) |
Partially vaccinated patients (n=109) N (%) |
Fully vaccinated patients (n=167) N (%) |
p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age group | 0·003 | |||
| 6–23 month | 894 (59·0) | 77 (70·6) | 116 (69·5) | |
| 24–71 months | 622 (41·0) | 32 (29·4) | 51 (30·5) | |
| Male | 961 (63·4) | 68 (62·4) | 101 (60·5) | 0·752 |
| Rural residence | 517 (34·1) | 26 (23·9) | 31 (18·6) | <0·001 |
| Highest education level of parents | 0·002 | |||
| High school or below | 630 (41·6) | 32 (29·4) | 51 (30·5) | |
| Junior college or above | 886 (58·4) | 77 (70·6) | 116 (69·5) | |
| Clinical severity † | <0·001 | |||
| Non-severe cases | 1224 (80·7) | 105 (96·3) | 149 (89·2) | |
| Severe cases | 292 (19·3) | 4 (3·7) | 18 (10·8) | |
| Underlying medical conditions ‡ | 26 (1·7) | 0 (0·0) | 2 (1·2) | 0·349 |
| Low birth weight § | 49 (3·2) | 2 (1·8) | 4 (2·4) | 0·622 |
| Premature birth ¶ | 80 (5·3) | 4 (3·7) | 6 (3·6) | 0·512 |
| Time interval between vaccination and hospitalization | 0·021 | |||
| ≤6 months | — | 105 (96·3) | 146 (87·4) | |
| 7–11 months | — | 4 (3·7) | 21 (12·6) |
p-values estimated by Fisher’s exact test (underlying medical conditions) and chi-squared tests (all other characteristics).
Those who received the venous administration of either glucocorticoid or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), or admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) were classified as severe cases and others as non-severe cases in this study.
Underlying medical conditions include Rickets (5), Epilepsy (5), Brain damage (4), Cranial nerve injury (3), Adenoids hypertrophy (2), Delayed milestone (2), Muscular dystrophy (2), Anaemia (1), Aniridia (1), Asthma (1), Fused kidney (1), Tuberous sclerosis (1).
Defined as birth weight lower than 2500g.
Defined as born at fewer than 37 weeks’ gestational age.