Comparison 11. BUD v Placebo: Parallel studies, not on oral steroids: all delivery devices.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 FEV1 (% predicted)	7	195	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐4.33 [‐7.89, ‐0.77]
1.1 MDI	2	72	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐6.0 [‐13.09, 1.09]
1.2 MDI+SPACER	2	60	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐4.62 [‐10.26, 1.03]
1.3 DPI	3	63	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐2.79 [‐8.83, 3.24]
2 FEV1(litres)	4	103	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.07 [‐0.25, 0.40]
2.1 MDI	1	30	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.41 [‐0.40, 1.22]
2.2 MDI+SPACER	1	28	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.24 [‐0.23, 0.71]
2.3 DPI	2	45	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.30 [‐0.84, 0.24]
3 Change in FEV1 (litres) compared to baseline	2	99	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.20 [‐0.33, ‐0.07]
3.1 MDI	0	0	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3.2 MDI+SPACER	0	0	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3.3 DPI	2	99	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.20 [‐0.33, ‐0.07]
4 Morning PEFR (L/min)	3	94	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐30.86 [‐66.51, 4.79]
4.1 MDI	1	46	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐34.0 [‐88.62, 20.62]
4.2 MDI+SPACER	1	31	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐28.0 [‐86.82, 30.82]
4.3 DPI	1	17	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐29.46 [‐107.88, 48.96]
5 Change in morning PEFR (L/min) compared to baseline	6	469	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐28.92 [‐36.11, ‐21.74]
5.1 MDI	0	0	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
5.2 MDI+SPACER	3	136	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐42.09 [‐60.18, ‐24.00]
5.3 DPI	3	333	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐26.45 [‐34.29, ‐18.62]
6 Change in evening PEFR (L/min) compared to baseline	6	469	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐20.64 [‐28.29, ‐13.00]
6.1 MDI	0	0	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
6.2 MDI+SPACER	3	136	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐31.54 [‐45.39, ‐17.69]
6.3 DPI	3	333	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐15.88 [‐25.04, ‐6.71]
7 Change in daytime use of short‐acting beta2 agonist (puffs/daytime) compared to baseline	5	480	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.43 [‐0.80, ‐0.06]
7.1 MDI	0	0	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
7.2 MDI+SPACER	1	71	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐3.0 [‐4.96, ‐1.04]
7.3 DPI	4	409	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.34 [‐0.71, 0.03]
8 Change in night‐time use of short‐acting beta2 agonist compared to baseline (puffs/night)	3	304	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.71 [‐1.09, ‐0.33]
8.1 MDI	0	0	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
8.2 MDI+SPACER	1	71	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐2.3 [‐3.55, ‐1.05]
8.3 DPI	2	233	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.54 [‐0.95, ‐0.14]
9 Methacholine bronchial responsiveness (log 10 values)	2	54	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.12 [‐0.48, 0.23]
9.1 MDI	1	26	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.14 [‐0.60, 0.32]
9.2 MDI+SPACER	1	28	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.10 [‐0.65, 0.45]
9.3 DPI	0	0	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
10 Histamine bronchial responsiveness (log 10 values)	2	80	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.40 [‐0.70, ‐0.11]
10.1 MDI	1	49	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.53 [‐2.75, 1.69]
10.2 MDI+SPACER	1	31	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.40 [‐0.70, ‐0.10]
10.3 DPI	0	0	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
11 Withdrawal due to asthma exacerbation (No. of patients)	17	910	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.17 [0.09, 0.33]
11.1 MDI	2	144	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.12 [0.04, 0.36]
11.2 MDI+SPACER	6	237	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.2 [0.01, 3.92]
11.3 DPI	9	529	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.22 [0.09, 0.53]
12 Requirement for one or more courses of oral steroid for asthma exacerbation (No. of patients)	5	255	Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.25 [0.13, 0.48]
12.1 MDI	1	116	Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.20 [0.09, 0.44]
12.2 MDI+SPACER	2	72	Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.24 [0.05, 1.26]
12.3 DPI	2	67	Peto Odds Ratio (Peto, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.55 [0.13, 2.28]
13 Oropharyngeal side effects (No. of patients)	5	275	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.81 [0.53, 1.23]
13.1 MDI	1	116	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.55 [0.30, 1.00]
13.2 MDI+SPACER	2	103	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.64 [0.32, 1.29]
13.3 DPI	2	56	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	5.90 [1.14, 30.62]