Table 1.

Descriptive statistics of study population, June–August 2020.

	N	Unweighted proportion or mean (SD)	Weighted proportion or mean (SD)
Total sample	50,278	100.0	100.0
Total population	180,358,661	100.0	100.0
Sociodemographic variables
Age groups; 50–64	14,793	29.23	48.43
65-79	26,550	52.46	35.58
80+	9,266	18.31	15.99
Gender; Female	29,422	57.86	54.03
Health-related variables
Worsened mental health; Yes	13,504	26.69	28.14
Worsened depression; Yes	8,299	16.41	18.05
Worsened anxiety; Yes	10,820	21.39	22.13
Worsened depression and anxiety; Yes	5,615	11.04	11.97
Self-rated health before pandemic; Excellent	3,377	6.68	7.18
Very good	7,986	15.79	17.83
Good	22,455	44.39	47.01
Fair	13,155	26.01	22.06
Poor	3,608	7.13	5.93
COVID-19 positive test; Yes	238	0.47	0.77
Anyone known COVID-19 positive test; Yes	3,363	6.69	8.86
Forgone healthcare during pandemic; Yes	5,991	11.85	11.57
Socioeconomic variables
Living alone; Yes	12,301	24.19	27.07
Working before pandemic; Yes	10,744	21.25	32.88
Became unemployed during pandemic; Yes	1,949	3.85	6.67
Make ends meet during pandemic; With great difficulty	4,683	9.51	8.49
With some difficulty	12,993	26.38	23.79
Fairly easily	17,233	34.99	36.18
Easily	14,346	29.13	31.55
Country-level variables
Total COVID-19 cases per million inhabitants	26 countries	2,090.89 (1,690.31)	2,640.67 (1,468.72)
Stringency index of policy responses to the pandemic	26 countries	56.41 (7.39)	61.15 (5.43)
Social protection expenditures per capita in Euros, PPS	26 countries	6,972.92 (3,001.77)	8,161.31 (2,760.94)
Healthcare expenditures per capita in Euros, PPS	26 countries	1,936.97 (908.18)	2,385.93 (1,072.76)
Unemployment expenditures per capita in Euros, PPS	26 countries	291.17 (208.32)	359.77 (187.26)
Old age expenditures per capita in Euros, PPS	26 countries	2,935.51 (1,116.10)	3,312.86 (923.18)

SD: Standard deviation.

PPS: Purchasing parity standard.