Table 1.
List of exposures retained in the present study.
| Pregnancy period (89 exposures) | Childhood (6–11 years; 128 exposures) | |
|---|---|---|
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| Outdoor exposures | ||
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| Air pollution | PM10 (preg.), PM2.5 (preg.), PMabsorbance (preg.), NO2 (preg.) | PM10 (day), PM2.5 (day), PMabsorbance (day), NO2 (day), PM10 (year), PM2.5 (year), PMabsorbance (year), NO2 (year) |
| Built environment | Accessibility (bus lines 300m), Accessibility (bus stops 300m), Building density (300m), Connectivity (300m), Facility density (300m), Facility richness (300m), Land use (300m), Population density, Walkability | Accessibility (bus lines 300m), Accessibility (bus stops 300m), Building density (300m), Connectivity (300m), Facility density (300m), Facility richness (300m), Land use (300m), Population density, Walkability, Accessibility (bus lines 300m - School), Accessibility (bus stops 300m - School), Building density (300m - School), Connectivity (300m - School), Facility density (300m - School), Facility richness (300m - School), Land use (300m - School), Population (School) |
| Meteorological* | Humidity (preg.), Pressure (preg.), Temperature (preg.) | Humidity (day), Pressure (day), Temperature (day), UV-Vit. D (day) |
| Natural spaces | Blue spaces (300m), Green spaces (300m), NDVI (100m) | Blue spaces (300m), Green spaces (300m), NDVI (100m), Blue spaces (300m - School), Green spaces (300m - School), NDVI (100m - School) |
| Traffic | Inverse distance to nearest road, Road traffic load (100 m), Traffic density on nearest road | Inverse distance to nearest road, Road traffic load (100 m), Traffic density on nearest road, Traffic load of major roads (100 m), Traffic load of major roads (100 m - school) |
| Noise* | Traffic noise (24h) | Traffic noise (24h), Traffic noise (night), Traffic noise (24h - school) |
| Water Disinfection by product | Brominated trihalometanes, Chloroform, Trihalometanes | Not assessed |
| Indoor air | Not assessed | Indoor PMabsorbance, Indoor benzene, Indoor NO2, Indoor PM2.5, Indoor BTEX |
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| Chemicals | ||
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| Organochlorine compounds | DDE, DDT, HCB, PCB 118, PCB 138, PCB 153, PCB 170, PCB 180, PCBs (sum) | DDE, DDT, HCB, PCB 118, PCB 138, PCB 153, PCB 170, PCB 180, PCBs (sum) |
| Brominated flame retardants | PBDE 47, PBDE 153 | PBDE 47, PBDE 153 |
| Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances | PFHxS, PFNA, PFOA, PFOS, PFUNDA | PFHxS, PFNA, PFOA, PFOS, PFUNDA |
| Metals | Arsenic, Cadmium, Cobalt, Cesium, Copper, Mercury, Manganese, Molybdenum, Lead, Thallium | Arsenic, Cadmium, Cobalt, Cesium, Copper, Mercury, Manganese, Molybdenum, Lead, Thallium |
| Phthalate metabolites | MBzP, MECPP, MEHHP, MEHP, MEOHP, MEP, MiBP, OH-MiNP, oxo-MiNP, DEHP (sum of metabolites) | MBzP, MECPP, MEHHP, MEHP, MEOHP, MEP, MiBP, OH-MiNP, oxo-MiNP, DEHP (sum of metabolites) |
| Phenols | BUPA, ETPA, MEPA, PRPA, BPA OXBE, TRCS | BUPA, ETPA, MEPA, PRPA, BPA OXBE, TRCS |
| Organophosphate pesticides | DEP, DETP, DMP, DMTP | DEP, DETP, DMP, DMTP, DMDTP |
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| Lifestyles | ||
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| Smoking | Maternal smoking (active and passive), Cigarette number, Urinary cotinine | Parental smoking, Passive smoking, Urinary cotinine |
| Diet | Alcohol consumption, Cereals intake, Dairy intake, Fastfood intake, Fish and seafood intake, Fruits intake, Legumes intake, Meat intake, Vegetables intake, | Breastfeeding duration (days), Bakery products intake, Soda intake, Breakfast cereals intake, Caffeinated drinks, Dairy products intake, Fastfood intake, Organic food intake, Processed meat intake, Readymade food intake, Bread intake, Cereals intake, Fish and seafood intake, Fruits intake, Added fat intake, Meat intake, Potatoes intake, Sweets intake, Vegetables intake, Yogurt intake, KIDMED score |
| Supplementation | Folic acid supplementation | Not assessed |
| Physical activity | Moderate physical activity (t3), Vigorous physical activity (t3) | Moderate and vigorous physical activity, Sedentary behaviour |
| Sleep | Not assessed | Sleep duration |
| Allergens | Not assessed | Cat at home, Dog at home, Other pets at home |
| Social and economic capital | Not assessed | Family affluence score, Social contact, House crowding, Social participation |
BPA, Bisphenol-A; BTEX, Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes; BUPA, Butyl-paraben; DDE, Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene; DDT, Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane; DEHP, Di-EthylhexylPhthalate; DEP, Diethyl phosphate; DETP, Diethyl thiophosphate; DMDTP, Dimethyl dithiophosphate; DMP, Dimethyl phosphate; DMTP, Dimethyl thiophosphate; ETPA, Ethyl-paraben; HCB, Hexachlorobenzene; KIDMED, Mediterranean diet in children; MBzP, Mono benzyl phthalate; MECPP, Mono-2-ethyl 5-carboxypentyl phthalate; MEHHP, Mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate; MEHP, Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate; MEOHP, Mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate; MEP, Monoethyl phthalate; MEPA, Methyl-paraben; MiBP, Mono-iso-butyl phthalate; NDVI, Normalized difference vegetation index; NO2, Nitrogen dioxide; OH-MiNP, Mono-4-methyl-7-hydroxyoctyl phthalate; OXBE, Oxybenzone; oxo-MiNP, Mono-4-methyl-7-oxooctyl phthalate; PBDE, Polybrominated diphenyl ether; PCB, Polychlorobiphenyls; PFHxS, Perfluorohexane sulfonate; PFNA, Perfluorononanoate; PFOA, Perfluorooctanoate; PFOS, Perfluorooctane sulfonate; PFUNDA, Perfluoroundecanoate; PM, Particulate matter; Preg, Pregnancy; PRPA, Propyl-paraben; t3, 3rd trimester of pregnancy; TRCS, Triclosan; UV-Vit. D, Vitamin-D dose from ultraviolet.
Traffic noise at night is not available for the pregnancy period because of missing information in 3 cohorts (non existing maps at the time of recruitment). UV-Vit D dose is not available for the pregnancy period due to measurement errors.