Table 3.
Mean change (mmHG) in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in association with maternal (89 candidate exposures) and child (128 candidate exposures) exposures selected into the multiple-exposure models*; n=1277 mother child pairs.
| Exposures |
Systolic blood pressure (SBP) |
Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interquartile range | Frequency (%) of selection † | Adjusted beta [95% CI] ‡ |
p-value | Frequency (%) of selection † | Adjusted beta [95% CI] ‡ |
p-value | |
| Pregnancy period | |||||||
| Facility density (300m) | 49.5 unity/km2 | 98 | −1.7 [−2.5; −0.8] | 0.0003 | 0 | ||
| Polychlorobiphenyl 118 (PCB 118) | 2.8 ng/g lipids | 56 | −1.4 [−2.6; −0.2] | 0.0262 | 0 | ||
| Fish and seafood intake | - | 50 | - | 0.0414 | 10 | - | 0.1032 |
| <2 times/week vs. 2–4 times/week | - | - | 1.0 [−0.5; 2.5] | 0.1799 | - | 1.4 [−0.1; 2.8] | 0.0657 |
| >4 times/week vs. 2–4 times/week | - | - | 2.0 [0.4; 3.5] | 0.0121 | - | 1.2 [−0.2; 2.7] | 0.0961 |
| Temperature (av. pregnancy) | 5.8°C | 34 | 1.6 [0.2; 2.9] | 0.0240 | 0 | ||
| Cotinine (μg/L) | - | 8 | - | 0.1211 | 0 | ||
| 18.4–50 vs. <18.4 | - | - | −0.8 [−2.5; 2.8] | 0.3784 | - | ||
| >50 vs. <18.4 | - | - | 1.2 [−0.3; 2.8] | 0.1138 | - | ||
| Bisphenol-A (BPA) | 4.9 μg/g creat | 2 | 6 | 0.7 [0.0; 1.4] | 0.0488 | ||
| Childhood period | |||||||
| Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) | 5.1 ng/g lipids | 100 | −1.5 [−2.4; −0.6] | 0.0018 | 0 | ||
| Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) | 34.0 ng/g lipids | 18 | −1.6 [−2.4; −0.7] | 0.0004 | 6 | −1.1 [−1.9; −0.3] | 0.0052 |
| Mono benzyl phthalate (MBzP) | 5.5 μg/g creat | 6 | −0.7 [−1.3; −0.1] | 0.0189 | 0 | ||
| Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) | 0.8 μg/L | 6 | 0.9 [0.1; 1.6] | 0.0213 | 0 | ||
| Temperature (daily average) | 10.8°C | 0 | 28 | −1.4 [−2.3; −0.5] | 0.0037 | ||
| Copper | 186 μg/L | 0 | 18 | 0.9 [0.3; 1.6] | 0.0036 | ||
The selection of exposures was determined by the DSA (Deletion-Substitution-Addition) algorithm. DSA selections were performed separately for the prenatal and the childhood exposome, and for SBP and DBP.
Frequency of selection of each exposure from the 50 DSA ran. Only the exposures selected in at least 5% of the DSA were included in the multiple exposure model.
Beta coefficient represents the change in blood pressure (expressed in mmHg) for an interquartile-range increase in exposure level. These coefficients are adjusted for the other exposures and for cohort, maternal age, maternal education level, maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index, parity, parental country of birth, child age, child sex, and child height.