Table 1.
Mean and standard deviation for ADHD symptoms, child and maternal characteristics in all cohorts
| N(%) mean(sd) |
All cohorts N=2541 |
Asturias N=531 |
Gipuzkoa N=377 |
Sabadell N=631 |
Valencia N=558 |
RHEA N=444 |
p.overall | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
|
ADHD outcomes
| ||||||||
| Inattention1 | - | 0.97(1.86) | 0.38(1.21) | 0.65 (1.67) | 0.82(1.91) | - | <0.001 | |
| Hyperactivity1 | - | 0.93 (2.00) | 0.34(1.12) | 0.68 (1.59) | 0.80(1.77) | - | <0.001 | |
| ADHD1 | - | 1.90(3.36) | 0.72 (2.07) | 1.33 (2.85) | 1.62(3.23) | - | <0.001 | |
| Inattention2 | - | - | - | - | - | 3.80 (4.47) | - | |
| Hyperactivity2 | - | - | - | - | - | 5.63 (5.37) | - | |
| ADHD2 | - | - | - | - | - | 14.7(12.5) | - | |
|
Child Characteristics | ||||||||
| Sex | Boy | 1311 (51.6%) | 259 (48.8%) | 185 (49.1%) | 323 (51.2%) | 299 (53.6%) | 245 (55.2%) | 0.210 |
| Girl | 1230 (48.4%) | 272 (51.2%) | 192 (50.9%) | 308 (48.8%) | 259 (46.4%) | 199 (44.8%) | ||
| Age (in the moment of the test) | 4.39 (0.20) | 4.42 (0.20) | 4.47(0.10) | 4.46 (0.18) | 4.32 (0.13) | 4.26 (0.26) | <0.001 | |
| BMI at 4 years based on IOTF criteria | Normal | 2014 (79.7%) | 379 (72.6%) | 288 (77.0%) | 537(85.1%) | 452 (81.1%) | 358 (80.6%) | <0.001 |
| Overweight | 349 (13.8%) | 77(14.8%) | 77 (20.6%) | 63 (9.98%) | 72(12.9%) | 60 (13.5%) | ||
| Obese | 165 (6.53%) | 66(12.6%) | 9 (2.41%) | 31 (4.91%) | 33 (5.92%) | 26 (5.86%) | ||
| Gestational age | 39.3 (1.66) | 39.3 (1.64) | 39.7(1.48) | 39.7(1.39) | 39.5 (1.73) | 38.2 (1.59) | <0.001 | |
|
Maternal Characteristics | ||||||||
| Mother DII | −0.58 (2.04) | −1.52 (1.70) | −1.48 (1.53) | −0.95 (1.54) | −0.76 (1.67) | 2.09 (1.58) | <0.001 | |
| Mother origin | Spain | 2397 (94.4%) | 515 (97.0%) | 372 (98.7%) | 571 (90.6%) | 520 (93.2%) | 419 (94.6%) | <0.001 |
| Other | 142 (5.59%) | 16(3.01%) | 5(1.33%) | 59 (9.37%) | 38 (6.81%) | 24 (5.42%) | ||
| Residence | Rural | 150 (6.01%) | 7(1.32%) | 37 (9.81%) | 0 (0.00%) | 27 (4.84%) | 79 (19.8%) | <0.001 |
| Urban | 2344 (94.0%) | 524 (98.7%) | 340 (90.2%) | 630 (100%) | 531 (95.2%) | 319 (80.2%) | ||
| Maternal education | Low | 468(18.5%) | 91 (17.1%) | 43 (11.5%) | 131 (20.9%) | 135 (24.2%) | 68(15.5%) | <0.001 |
| Medium | 1115 (44.1%) | 234 (44.1%) | 130 (34.8%) | 280 (44.7%) | 251 (45.0%) | 220 (50.0%) | ||
| High | 946(37.4%) | 206(38.8%) | 201 (53.7%) | 215 (34.3%) | 172 (30.8%) | 152(34.5%) | ||
| Maternal smoking during pregnancy | No | 1817 (73.2%) | 364 (71.2%) | 288 (79.8%) | 460 (74.0%) | 345 (61.8%) | 360 (83.5%) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 666 (26.8%) | 147 (28.8%) | 73 (20.2%) | 162 (26.0%) | 213 (38.2%) | 71 (16.5%) | ||
| Working status during pregnancy | No | 499 (20.0%) | 130 (25.4%) | 42 (11.6%) | 57(9.16%) | 84(15.1%) | 186(42.3%) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 1996 (80.0%) | 382 (74.6%) | 321 (88.4%) | 565 (90.8%) | 474 (84.9%) | 254 (57.7%) | ||
| Parity | Primiparous | 1419 (56.3%) | 330 (62.1%) | 206 (54.6%) | 365 (58.1%) | 330 (59.1%) | 188 (44.0%) | |
| Multiparous | 1102 (43.7%) | 201 (37.9%) | 171 (45.4%) | 263 (41.9%) | 228 (40.9%) | 239 (56.0%) | ||
| <0.001 | ||||||||
| BMI | Underweight | 145 (5.76%) | 30 (5.75%) | 16 (4.28%) | 30 (4.75%) | 34 (6.20%) | 35 (7.88%) | |
| Normal | 1861 (73.9%) | 349 (66.9%) | 272 (72.7%) | 507 (80.3%) | 409 (74.6%) | 324 (73.0%) | ||
| Overweight | 349 (13.9%) | 77 (14.8%) | 77 (20.6%) | 63 (9.98%) | 72(13.1%) | 60 (13.5%) | ||
| Obese | 164(6.51%) | 66 (12.6%) | 9 (2.41%) | 31 (4.91%) | 33 (6.02%) | 25 (5.63%) | ||
| Pre pregnancy diabetes | No | 2516 (99.4%) | 529 (99.6%) | 376 (99.7%) | 630 (100%) | 555 (99.5%) | 426 (97.7%) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 16 (0.63%) | 2 (0.38%) | 1 (0.27%) | 0 (0.00%) | 3 (0.54%) | 10 (2.29%) | ||
| Gestational diabetes | No | 2055 (94.5%) | 508 (95.7%) | 346 (97.2%) | 302 (94.4%) | 525 (94.1%) | 374 (91.4%) | |
| Yes | 119 (5.47%) | 23 (4.33%) | 10 (2.81%) | 18 (5.62%) | 33 (5.91%) | 35 (8.56%) | ||
| BF duration | 3.30(2.88) | 2.61 (2.47) | 3.54 (2.39) | 3.30 (2.28) | 3.01 (2.43) | 4.25 (4.37) | <0.001 | |
| Age at delivery | 31.9(4.16) | 32.9 (3.95) | 32.8 (3.19) | 31.7 (3.99) | 31.8 (4.02) | 30.1 (4.87) | <0.001 | |
1
ADHD-DSM-IV test for INMA cohorts (Asturias, Sabadell, Gipuzkoa and Valencia)
2
ADHDT Test for Rhea cohort