Table 9.
Monthly fluctuations in triggers and ADEs during the prospective 26-Month implementation phase
| Month/Year | Number of records | Total length of stay (days) | Average length of stay per patient (days) | Number of triggers | Number of ADEs | Number of patients with an ADE | Trigger-identified ADE per 1000 patient days | Trigger-identified ADE per 100 admissions | Percent of admission with a trigger-identified ADE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| February 2019 | 20 | 227 | 11 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 10 | 10.5 |
| March 2019 | 19 | 136 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 5 | 5.3 |
| April 2019 | 20 | 131 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 5 | 5.0 |
| May 2019 | 20 | 160 | 8 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| June 2019 | 19 | 151 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 5 | 5.0 |
| July 2019 | 20 | 236 | 12 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
| August 2019 | 20 | 112 | 6 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| September 2019 | 22 | 215 | 10 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5.0 |
| October 2019 | 22 | 185 | 8 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| November 2019 | 22 | 121 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| December 2019 | 22 | 167 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 4.8 |
| January 2020 | 22 | 256 | 12 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 4.5 |
| February 2020 | 22 | 193 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 10 | 9 | 4.5 |
| March 2020 | 22 | 176 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| April 2020 | 22 | 220 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| May 2020 | 21 | 180 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 4.5 |
| June 2020 | 22 | 243 | 11 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 9.1 |
| July 2020 | 22 | 176 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 4.5 |
| August 2020 | 22 | 170 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 4.5 |
| September 2020 | 20 | 211 | 11 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 4.5 |
| October 2020 | 22 | 247 | 11 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| November 2020 | 22 | 236 | 11 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 13 | 14 | 13.6 |
| December 2020 | 22 | 149 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 5 | 4.5 |
| January 2021 | 21 | 134 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 5 | 4.5 |
| February 2021 | 21 | 147 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 5 | 4.5 |
| March 2021 | 20 | 180 | 9 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Total | 551 | 4759 | N/A | 107 | 23 | 22 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Mean (± SD) | 21 ± 1 | 183 ± 41 | 9 ± 2 | 4 ± 2 | 1 | 1 | 5 ± 4 | 4 ± 3 | 4 ± 3 |
| Median (IQR) | 22 (2) | 178 (69.25) | 8 (3.5) | 4 (3) | 1 | 1 | 6 (7) | 5 (5) | 5 (5) |
Abbreviations: ADE, adverse drug event; AE, adverse event; ATC, Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CI, confidence interval; EHR, electronic health record; EKNZ, ethics committee “Nordwest- und Zentralschweiz”; GTT, global trigger tool; IHI, Institute for Healthcare Improvement; IHI MMTT, Institute for Healthcare Improvement medication module trigger tool; INR, international normalized ratio; N/A, not applicable; NCC MERP, National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention; NLP, natural language processing; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value; PTT, partial thromboplastin time; SAP, Systeme, Anwendungen und Produkte in der Datenverarbeitung-Software; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SQL, structured query language; UK, United Kingdom; USB, University Hospital Basel; VKA, vitamin K antagonist.