Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate
(ECAR) were measured in mouse derived stem cells using a seahorse extracellular
flux analyzer following 24 hours of 0.5 mM NR treatment (A). In the same
experiment, Oligomycin, FCCP, Antimycin A and Rotenone were applied in the assay
to determine maximal and reserve respiration of the mouse stem cells (B) and
maximal and reserve ECAR (C). The schematics for calculation of basal, maximal,
and reserve values for OCR (D) and ECAR (E). Next, this methodology was applied
to human derived myoblast. OCR vs. ECAR graph suggests that NR treatment shifts
human myoblasts toward a more energetic phenotype (H). Basal, maximal, and the
reserve (difference between basal and maximal) aerobic (I) and anaerobic (J)
respiration were determined following 24 hours of NR treatment. Data represents
the mean of 4 to 5 wells per condition, which each experiment performed for
three different donors to ensure repeatability. Statistical significance
indicated by “*” p < 0.05, “**” p <
0.01, and “***” p < 0.001.