Appendix Table A.3.
Mean internalizing symptom scores by political beliefs, sex, and parental education among 12th-graders from 2005 to 2018
| Internalizing Symptoms | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depressive Affect | Self-esteem | Self-derogation | Loneliness | ||||||
| Political Beliefs | |||||||||
| Conservative | 1.85 | (0.82) | 4.15 | (0.86) | 1.93 | (0.99) | 2.59 | (1.1) | |
| Liberal | 2.13 | (0.91) | 3.99 | (0.87) | 2.19 | (1.03) | 2.86 | (1.1) | |
| Moderate | 1.98 | (0.85) | 4.09 | (0.81) | 2.06 | (0.99) | 2.73 | (1.09) | |
| Radical | 2.43 | (1.1) | 3.86 | (1.08) | 2.42 | (1.18) | 2.84 | (1.12) | |
| Unsure | 2.07 | (0.92) | 3.98 | (0.9) | 2.20 | (1.1) | 2.79 | (1.15) | |
| F | 125.37 | <.0001 | 149.17 | <.0001 | 244.18 | <.0001 | 44.20 | <.0001 | |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Female | 2.03 | (0.9) | 4.01 | (0.87) | 2.16 | (1.06) | 2.87 | (1.13) | |
| Conservative | 1.81 | (0.83) | 4.14 | (0.86) | 1.93 | (0.99) | 2.67 | (1.12) | |
| Liberal | 2.19 | (0.92) | 3.93 | (0.87) | 2.25 | (1.05) | 2.98 | (1.1) | |
| Moderate | 1.95 | (0.84) | 4.07 | (0.81) | 2.08 | (1) | 2.82 | (1.1) | |
| Radical | 2.22 | (1.04) | 3.83 | (1.15) | 2.47 | (1.19) | 3.08 | (1.22) | |
| Unsure | 2.07 | (0.93) | 3.96 | (0.89) | 2.24 | (1.11) | 2.90 | (1.14) | |
| F | 81.95 | <.0001 | 88.37 | <.0001 | 140.35 | <.0001 | 28.02 | <.0001 | |
| Male | 2.02 | (0.88) | 4.07 | (0.88) | 2.08 | (1.03) | 2.64 | (1.1) | |
| Conservative | 1.89 | (0.82) | 4.15 | (0.87) | 1.93 | (0.98) | 2.53 | (1.08) | |
| Liberal | 2.06 | (0.88) | 4.06 | (0.87) | 2.12 | (1.01) | 2.70 | (1.08) | |
| Moderate | 2.00 | (0.86) | 4.11 | (0.81) | 2.03 | (0.98) | 2.65 | (1.07) | |
| Radical | 2.50 | (1.11) | 3.88 | (1.05) | 2.40 | (1.17) | 2.75 | (1.07) | |
| Unsure | 2.07 | (0.9) | 4.00 | (0.92) | 2.16 | (1.08) | 2.66 | (1.14) | |
| F | 59.00 | <.0001 | 64.67 | <.0001 | 100.59 | <.0001 | 10.49 | <.0001 | |
| Parental Education | |||||||||
| ≥ College degree | 1.97 | (0.87) | 4.09 | (0.83) | 2.05 | (1) | 2.72 | (1.1) | |
| Conservative | 1.78 | (0.78) | 4.22 | (0.78) | 1.85 | (0.93) | 2.55 | (1.09) | |
| Liberal | 2.08 | (0.88) | 4.02 | (0.84) | 2.15 | (1) | 2.85 | (1.07) | |
| Moderate | 1.93 | (0.83) | 4.13 | (0.78) | 2.00 | (0.95) | 2.71 | (1.07) | |
| Radical | 2.40 | (1.09) | 3.90 | (1.05) | 2.41 | (1.16) | 2.91 | (1.13) | |
| Unsure | 2.02 | (0.9) | 4.01 | (0.87) | 2.14 | (1.05) | 2.75 | (1.12) | |
| F | 83.79 | <.0001 | 114.75 | <.0001 | 173.47 | <.0001 | 32.46 | <.0001 | |
| < College degree | 2.08 | (0.92) | 4.00 | (0.91) | 2.18 | (1.09) | 2.78 | (1.14) | |
| Conservative | 1.95 | (0.88) | 4.06 | (0.96) | 2.04 | (1.06) | 2.65 | (1.12) | |
| Liberal | 2.19 | (0.93) | 3.95 | (0.91) | 2.24 | (1.07) | 2.88 | (1.14) | |
| Moderate | 2.02 | (0.87) | 4.06 | (0.84) | 2.12 | (1.04) | 2.75 | (1.1) | |
| Radical | 2.40 | (1.09) | 3.85 | (1.09) | 2.39 | (1.18) | 2.72 | (1.1) | |
| Unsure | 2.09 | (0.93) | 3.97 | (0.91) | 2.23 | (1.12) | 2.82 | (1.17) | |
| F | 0.00 | <.0001 | 30.72 | <.0001 | 53.88 | <.0001 | 13.26 | <.0001 | |
Internalized symptom (IS) scores averaged across annual cross-sectional weighted samples of 12th-graders from 2005 to 2018. Standard deviations in parenthesis. F-statistics followed by p-values. IS scores are the mean ordinal scale response (1–5) to a set of items. A higher score indicates a greater endorsement of the IS. Sample sizes per IS exclude respondents with missing data for sex and political beliefs.