Table 3. Role of gut microbiota in early life stress-induced depression.

Probiotics	Stress exposure	Depression-like behavior	Main findings	Reference
Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum CECT7765	MS	Promoting	B. pseudocatenulatum CECT 7765 administration reduces depression-like behavior in adulthood, reverses intestinal dysbiosis and reduces corticosterone production.	Moya-Pérez et al., 2017
Bifidobacteria	MS	Promoting	Bifidobacteria treatment results in normalization of immune response and reversal of behavioral deficits.	Fukui et al., 2018
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PS128	MS	Promoting	Ingestion of PS128 ameliorates depression-like behaviors and modulates neurochemicals.	Liu YW al et al., 2016
Lactobacillus paracasei PS23	MS	Promoting	PS23 cells decrease serum corticosterone levels accompanied by higher serum anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels with reducing depression-like behavior.	Liao et al., 2019
Heat-killed Lactobacillus paracasei PS23	ELS	Promoting	PS23 reverses ELS-induced depression-like behaviors.	Wei et al., 2019

Abbreviations: MS: maternal separation; ELS: early life stress.