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Schematic diagram for the mechanism of galangin action. Galangin enhances TGFβ/Smad collagen synthesis pathways by reducing H2O2-induced hsa-microRNA-4535 to improve photoaging in human skin dermal fibroblast. Abbreviations: ECM: extracellular matrix; TGFβ: transforming grown factor beta; TβRI: TGFβ receptor type I; TβRII: TGFβ receptor type II.
