Table 2. Multivariable conditional logistic regression model to identify activities and practices associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among US healthcare personnel who reported caring for COVID-19 patients in the workplace (model 2)*.
| Characteristic | No. (%) |
amOR (95% CI)† | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases, n = 105 | Controls, n = 169 | |||
| Participated in AGP | ||||
| No, unknown, or missing | 72 (68.6) | 123 (72.8) | Referent | |
| Yes |
33 (31.4) |
47 (27.8) |
0.9 (0.4–2.0) |
0.84 |
| Wore recommended personal protective equipment all the time during non-AGP COVID-19 patient care | ||||
| No, unknown, or missing | 67 (63.8) | 110 (65.1) | Referent | |
| Yes |
38 (36.2) |
59 (34.9) |
0.9 (0.5–2.0) |
0.88 |
| Assisted COVID-19 patients with activities of daily living | ||||
| No | 31 (29.5) | 79 (46.8) | Referent | |
| Yes |
74 (70.5) |
90 (53.2) |
4.7 (1.7–12.7) |
0.003 |
| Provided nonprocedure clinical care to COVID-19 patients | ||||
| No | 19 (18.1) | 35 (20.7) | Referent | |
| Yes |
86 (81.9) |
134 (79.3) |
0.9 (0.3–2.6) |
0.88 |
| Performed procedures on COVID-19 patients | ||||
| No | 56 (53.3) | 84 (49.7) | Referent | |
| Yes |
49 (46.7) |
85 (50.3) |
0.6 (0.3–1.4) |
0.25 |
| Performed environmental cleaning activities in COVID-19 patient care area | ||||
| No | 53 (50.5) | 100 (59.2) | Referent | |
| Yes |
52 (49.5) |
69 (40.8) |
1.2 (0.5–2.8) |
0.69 |
| Provided respiratory care to COVID-19 patients | ||||
| No | 51 (48.6) | 88 (52.1) | Referent | |
| Yes |
54 (51.4) |
81 (47.9) |
0.8 (0.3–2.0) |
0.70 |
| Performed administrative activities with COVID-19 patients | ||||
| No | 94 (89.5) | 149 (88.2) | Referent | |
| Yes |
11 (10.5) |
20 (11.8) |
0.9 (0.3–3.2) |
0.90 |
| Close contact with persons with COVID-19 outside the workplace | ||||
| No, unknown, or missing | 86 (81.9) | 160 (94.7) | Referent | |
| Yes |
19 (18.1) |
9 (5.3) |
4.9 (1.7–13.9) |
0.003 |
| Healthcare role | ||||
| Registered nurse | 39 (37.1) | 69 (40.8) | Referent | |
| Administrative personnel | 3 (2.9) | 6 (3.6) | 2.6 (0.3–24.8) | 0.40 |
| Nursing assistant or patient care technician | 10 (9.5) | 16 (9.5) | 0.4 (0.1–1.6) | 0.22 |
| Physician | 4 (3.8) | 23 (13.6) | 0.6 (0.1–3.7) | 0.60 |
| Medical assistant | 3 (2.9) | 4 (2.4) | 1.7 (0.2–12.5) | 0.60 |
| Other role anticipated to have substantial patient contact | 36 (34.3) | 35 (20.7) | 2.6 (1.1–6.5) | 0.04 |
| Other role anticipated to have moderate patient contact | 6 (5.7) | 10 (5.9) | 1.3 (0.2–7.9) | 0.75 |
| Other role anticipated to have minimal patient contact | 2 (1.9) | 2 (1.2) | 4.1 (0.2–78.4) | 0.35 |
| Other role with undefined level of patient contact |
2 (1.9) |
4 (2.4) |
0.7 (0.1–6.6) |
0.73 |
| Race and ethnicity | ||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 63 (60.0) | 102 (60.4) | Referent | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 31 (29.5) | 34 (20.1) | 2.1 (0.9–4.8) | 0.07 |
| Asian, non-Hispanic | 4 (3.8) | 8 (4.7) | 0.8 (0.2–3.8) | 0.83 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 3 (2.9) | 6 (3.6) | 0.7 (0.1–4.4) | 0.73 |
| Other or multiple races, non-Hispanic or race or ethnicity not reported |
4 (3.8) |
19 (11.2) |
0.29 (0.1–1.2) |
0.09 |
| Any underlying condition(s) | ||||
| No | 26 (24.8) | 62 (36.7) | Referent | |
| Yes |
79 (75.2) |
107 (63.3) |
2.5 (1.2–5.1) |
0.013 |
| Age, y‡ | ||||
| <30 | 67 (63.8) | 127 (75.2) | Referent | |
| >30 | 38 (36.2) | 42 (24.8) | 0.5 (0.2–0.9) | 0.036 |
*AGP, aerosol-generating procedures; amOR, adjusted matched odds ratio; COVID-19, coronavirus disease. †Model included 274 HCP (105 cases and 169 controls). HCP were postmatched into 47 clusters, each cluster with >1 case and >1 control, and the largest cluster with 10 cases and 20 controls. ‡Age was not reported for 3 controls; these HCP were grouped as <30 y.