Table 4.

Performance of the best model selected by cross-validation, an elastic net regression model using word2vec embeddings, stratified by race and sex

Frailty aspect	Group	Multiclass SBS (95% CI)	Negative class SBS (95% CI)	Neutral class SBS (95% CI)	Positive class SBS (95% CI)
Respiratory impairment	White	0.57 (0.56–0.59)	0.60 (0.59–0.62)	0.54 (0.52–0.56)	0.56 (0.53–0.59)
	Nonwhite	0.54 (0.52–0.57)	0.57 (0.55–0.59)	0.51 (0.48–0.53)	0.54 (0.5–0.59)
	Male	0.57 (0.55–0.59)	0.60 (0.57–0.62)	0.55 (0.52–0.57)	0.54 (0.5–0.58)
	Female	0.56 (0.54–0.58)	0.59 (0.57–0.61)	0.51 (0.48–0.54)	0.56 (0.53–0.59)
Musculo-skeletal	White	0.44 (0.41–0.47)	0.46 (0.43–0.5)	0.40 (0.36–0.45)	0.43 (0.39–0.47)
Problem	Nonwhite	0.41 (0.38–0.44)	0.44 (0.41–0.47)	0.39 (0.35–0.43)	0.37 (0.32–0.43)
	Male	0.38 (0.35–0.42)	0.41 (0.38–0.45)	0.33 (0.28–0.38)	0.41 (0.35–0.46)
	Female	0.45 (0.42–0.48)	0.47 (0.45–0.5)	0.43 (0.39–0.46)	0.41 (0.37–0.45)
Fall risk	White	0.53 (0.5–0.55)	0.55 (0.52–0.58)	0.32 (0.28–0.36)	0.61 (0.58–0.65)
	Nonwhite	0.43 (0.39–0.47)	0.46 (0.42–0.5)	0.19 (0.12–0.27)	0.52 (0.48–0.57)
	Male	0.50 (0.47–0.54)	0.53 (0.5–0.57)	0.26 (0.19–0.33)	0.60 (0.56–0.64)
	Female	0.49 (0.46–0.51)	0.51 (0.48–0.53)	0.29 (0.24–0.33)	0.57 (0.54–0.6)
Nutritional deficiency	White	0.64 (0.6–0.69)	0.67 (0.63–0.72)	0.14 (0.01–0.3)	0.7 (0.66–0.75)
	Nonwhite	0.49 (0.42–0.57)	0.50 (0.43–0.59)	0.10 (−0.05 to 0.3)	0.59 (0.51–0.68)
	Male	0.66 (0.6–0.72)	0.70 (0.65–0.75)	0.37 (0.25–0.5)	0.68 (0.61–0.75)
	Female	0.55 (0.5–0.6)	0.57 (0.52–0.62)	−0.03 (−0.17 to 0.14)	0.66 (0.61–0.72)

Note: Each scaled Brier score is the macro average across all 4 frailty aspects. The multiclass scaled Brier score is our primary performance metric. We also report the scaled Brier score for each class (positive, negative, or neutral) separately and evaluated as a binary outcome against the other 2 classes.

SBS: scaled Brier Score.