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. 2021 Dec 27;19:451. doi: 10.1186/s12951-021-01192-w

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 7 — Pc/C5A@EVs downregulated the HIF-1α expression and NF-κB signaling pathway in mice with kidney hypoxia injury. a, b Measurement of SCr and BUN levels at different time points (n = 5; ^*P < 0.05 compared with PBS; ^**P < 0.01 compared with PBS; ^##P < 0.01 compared with Pc/C5A). c RT-qPCR analysis of HIF-1α mRNA expression in different groups on days 1, 3, and 7 (n = 5; ^**P < 0.01 compared with PBS; ^##P < 0.01 compared with Pc/C5A; ^*P < 0.05 compared with PBS. d Micrographs depicting HIF-1α immunostaining in renal tissues on days 1, 3, and 7 after injection. Scale bar = 100 µm. e HIF-1α staining quantitation in different groups (n = 5; ^**P < 0.01 compared with PBS; ^##P < 0.01 compared with Pc/C5A; ^*P < 0.05 compared with PBS; ^#P < 0.05 compared with Pc/C5A). f–i RT-qPCR detection of TNF-α (f), MCP-1 (g), IL-1β (h) and IL-10 (i) expression in renal tissues of different groups on day 7 (n = 5; ^*P < 0.05 compared with PBS; ^**P < 0.01 compared with PBS; ^#P < 0.05 compared with Pc/C5A; ^##P < 0.01 compared with Pc/C5A). j–l Western blot analysis of p-p65, p65 and HIF-1α expression in different groups (n = 5; ^**P < 0.01 compared with PBS; ^#P < 0.05 compared with Pc/C5A)