Skip to main content
. 2021 Dec 15;12:734264. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.734264

TABLE 4.

The binary logistic regression model on the association of sex, study year, distress, and depression with serious worries in medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OR CI p f 2
Sex
Male Reference n.a. 0.205
Female 1.886 1.208 – 2.947 0.005
Study year
Year 1 3.170 1.638– 6.133 0.001
Year 2 Reference n.a
Year 3 4.140 2.123–8.073 <0.001
Year 4 5.315 2.790–10.126 <0.001
Distress (DT) 1.381 1.223–1.559 <0.001
Depression symptoms (PHQ-2) 1.356 1.148 – 1.600 <0.001

OR, odds ratio; p, p-value; f2, effect size Cohen’s f2.

According to Cohen’s (1988) guidelines, we considered f2 = 0.02 to be a small effect, f2 = 0.15 as a medium effect, and f2 = 0.35 as a large effect.

Bold font indicates statistical significance.