Table 2.

Odds ratios of non-communicable disease risk factors associated with individual, neighborhood, and city education. Argentina, National Survey of Risk Factors 2013 (n = 21,451).

		Diabetes	Hypertension	Obesity	Smoking	Binge drinking
		OR (95% CI)
Men		(n = 9,346)	(n = 9,295)	(n = 9,398)	(n = 9,398)	(n = 9,351)
	Individual education
	University	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
	Secondary complete	1.19 (0.93, 1.54)	1.26 (1.07, 1.49)	1.35 (1.14, 1.60)	1.34 (1.14, 1.57)	1.12 (0.95, 1.33)
	Primary complete	1.06 (0.82, 1.38)	1.42 (1.20, 1.69)	1.55 (1.30, 1.84)	1.99 (1.69, 2.35)	1.73 (1.45, 2.06)
	Less than primary	1.07 (0.77, 1.49)	1.18 (0.94, 1.48)	1.62 (1.29, 2.02)	1.88 (1.51, 2.33)	1.59 (1.24, 2.02)
	Neighborhood education, z-score	0.93 (0.85, 1.02)	0.99 (0.93, 1.05)	0.87 (0.82, 0.92)	0.97 (0.92, 1.02)	0.98 (0.92, 1.04)
	City education, z-score	1.06 (0.94, 1.20)	1.03 (0.95, 1.11)	1.01 (0.91, 1.10)	1.05 (1.00, 1.10)	1.09 (0.78, 1.01)
	City variance (Std. error)	0.065 (0.034)	0.021 (0.013)	0.029 (0.014)	0.004 (0.007)	0.130 (0.041)
	Neighborhood variance (Std. error)	0.297 (0.110)	0.159 (0.053)	0.160 (0.047)	0.059 (0.039)	0.313 (0.058)
Women		(n = 11,991)	(n = 11,991)	(n = 12,053)	(n = 12,053)	(n = 11,913)
	Individual education
	University	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
	Secondary	1.03 (0.83, 1.29)	1.15 (1.01, 1.30)	1.18 (1.02, 1.36)	1.16 (1.02, 1.32)	1.11 (0.95, 1.30)
	Primary	1.27 (1.02, 1.58)	1.62 (1.42, 1.84)	1.70 (1.47, 1.96)	1.50 (1.30, 1.72)	1.20 (1.01, 1.44)
	Less than primary	1.54 (1.18, 2.02)	1.81 (1.52, 2.16)	2.46 (2.04, 2.96)	1.11 (0.91, 1.37)	0.95 (0.70, 1.28)
	Neighborhood education, z-score	0.88 (0.81, 0.95)	0.86 (0.81, 0.90)	0.73 (0.69, 0.77)	0.99 (0.94, 1.04)	1.27 (1.19, 1.35)
	City education, z-score	1.12 (1.02, 1.23)	0.97 (0.90, 1.06)	1.10 (0.99, 1.22)	1.08 (0.98, 1.19)	1.09 (0.96, 1.23)
	City variance (Std. error)	0.022 (0.018)	0.039 (0.015)	0.074 (0.025)	0.065 (0.022)	0.093 (0.033)
	Neighborhood variance (Std. error)	0.153 (0.088)	0.111 (0.036)	0.145 (0.039)	0.037 (0.037)	0.228 (0.065)

Multilevel structure: individuals nested within neighborhoods, nested within cities. Analyses adjusted by age and total city population. Neighborhood education: proportion of the population aged 25 or older who completed secondary education or above. City education: proportion of the population aged 25 or older who completed secondary education or above. The estimates correspond to the adjusted model. Std. error corresponds to the standard error of the random component of cities and neighborhoods.