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. 2021 Dec 15;9:774370. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.774370

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Copyright © 2021 Kong, Sun, Zhang and Wang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Role of lncRNAs: 1. Epigenetic regulation: (A). lncRNA recruits chromatin remodeling and modification complexes to specific sites; regulates DNA or RNA methylation status, chromosome structure; and promotes the expression of related genes.2. Transcriptional regulation: (B). lncRNA can help generate mature mRNA by promoting the binding of pre-mRNA to alternative splicing factors; (C). ncRNA binding with transcription factors can inhibit the activity of target genes and inhibit their gene expression. 3. Post-transcriptional regulation: (D). Participation in mRNA translation; (E). Involvement in mRNA degradation. 4. Regulation of miRNA: (F). ncRNA can act as sponges of miR-compete for miR and alleviate the inhibition of target genes.