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. 2021 Dec 15;9:774370. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.774370

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Copyright © 2021 Kong, Sun, Zhang and Wang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Biological functions of circRNA: (A). Regulation of gene transcription: Elcircrna can interact with small nuclear ribonucleoproteins and bind to RNA polymerase II; (B). miRNA sponge: circRNA contains miRNA binding sites, which can block miRNA binding to mRNA and promote or inhibit the expression of related genes by sponging miRNA; (C). circRNAs bind to mRNA regulatory binding protein, which influences the stability of mRNA, and may change the splicing pattern of circRNA; (D). By being translated by ribosomes and encoding polypeptides, several circRNAs can play a role in regulating and controlling human physiological processes.