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. 2021 Oct 27;321(6):L1134–L1146. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00363.2021

Table 1.

Demographics by group category

Control
E-cigarette Users
Overall
P Value
n = 13 (%) n = 20 (%) n = 33 (%)
Gender
 Female 10 (77) 1 (5) 11 (33) <0.01
 Male 3 (23) 19 (95) 22 (67)
Race
 African American 1 (8) 0 (0) 1 (3) 0.41
 Asian 7 (54) 11 (55) 18 (55)
 Caucasian 5 (38) 7 (35) 12 (36)
 Mixed 0 (0) 2 (10) 2 (6)
Ethnicity
 Caucasian, Non-Hispanic 1 (20) 5 (71) 6 (50) 0.08
 Caucasian, Hispanic 4 (80) 2 (29) 6 (50)
 Total 5 7 12
Age
 Mean (range) 21 (18–28) 21 (18–26) 21 (18–28) 0.41

A χ2 test was used to test the statistical differences between both controls and e-cigarette users. Caucasian, Hispanic includes those that self-identify as Hispanic. Mixed race includes a variety of mixed racial composition. The difference in age was calculated using an unpaired t test between the two groups.