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Characteristics of the gamification concept.
| Characteristics of the concept gamification | References |
|---|---|
| Use of game mechanics or dynamics or elements | Deterding et al., 2011; Hammer and Lee, 2011; Kapp, 2012a,b |
| Clear start and end | |
| Freedom to make mistakes | Girardelli et al., 2016 |
| Immediate feedback (result) | Jarvis and De Freitas, 2009; Pastor et al., 2015; Girardelli et al., 2016 |
Source: own elaboration.
