Table 3.
Clinical factors associated with TEMPS-A temperament assessment subscores with diagnoses of bipolar disorder versus major depressive disorder.
| Factor | Mean TEMPS score or slope versus TEMPS score [95% CI] | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bipolar disorder | Major depression | |||||||
| Factor present | Factor absent | t-Score | p-Value | Factor present | Factor absent | t-Score | p-Value | |
| Cyclothymic | ||||||||
| HDRS21 score | Slope = 0.490 [0.254–0.727] | 4.01 | <0.0001 | Slope = 0.349 [0.137–0.561] | 3.24 | 0.001 | ||
| %-Time ill | Slope = 1.20 [0.323–2.09] | 2.69 | 0.008 | Slope = 0.04 [−0.96 to 1.04] | 0.07 | 0.94 | ||
| Episodes/year | Slope = 0.116 [0.028–0.204] | 2.59 | 0.01 | Slope = −0.008 [−0.071 to 0.054] | 0.27 | 0.79 | ||
| Any substance abuse | 6.73 [5.99–7.47] | 5.48 [5.13–5.84] | 2.95 | 0.003 | 6.00 [3.79–8.21] | 4.74 [4.44–5.04] | 1.80 | 0.07 |
| Alcohol abuse | 6.73 [5.99–7.47] | 5.48 [5.13–5.84] | 2.95 | 0.003 | 6.00 [4.51–7.49] | 4.74 [4.44–5.04] | 1.80 | 0.07 |
| Suicidal acts | 6.39 [5.72–7.06] | 5.45 [5.10–5.80] | 2.53 | 0.01 | 5.54 [4.60–6.49] | 4.66 [4.35–4.97] | 1.87 | 0.06 |
| Any suicidality | 5.95 [5.57–6.34] | 5.10 [4.59–5.62] | 2.52 | 0.01 | 5.14 [4.74–5.53] | 4.27 [3.70–4.85] | 2.92 | 0.004 |
| Dysthymic | ||||||||
| %-Time depressed | Slope = 1.55 [0.513–2.58] | 2.94 | 0.003 | Slope = 1.50 [0.05–2.95] | 2.05 | 0.04 | ||
| Suicidal acts | 4.19 [3.76–4.62] | 3.20 [297–3.44.] | 4.07 | <0.0001 | 4.30 [3.65–4.96] | 3.68 [3.47–3.89] | 1.96 | 0.05 |
| Any suicidality | 3.63 [3.37–3.89] | 3.05 [2.73–3.37] | 2.59 | 0.01 | 4.12 [3.86–4.39] | 3.24 [2.96–3.53] | 4.39 | <0.0001 |
| Irritable | ||||||||
| %-Time[hypo]manic | Slope = 0.773 [0.123–1.42] | 2.34 | 0.02 | Slope = 0.026 [−0.040 to 0.100] | 0.74 | 0.46 | ||
| Episodes/year | Slope = 0.103 [−0.042 to 0.249] | 1.40 | 0.16 | Slope = 0.107 [−0.006 to 0.220] | 1.87 | 0.06 | ||
| Depressions/year | Slope = 0.038 [−0.049 to 0.125] | 0.85 | 0.39 | Slope = 0.098 [−0.015 to 0.210] | 1.72 | 0.09 | ||
| Any substance abuse | 2.51 [2.15–2.88] | 1.58 [1.37–1.80] | 4.56 | <0.0001 | 2.02 [1.56–2.48] | 1.32 [1.15–1.50] | 2.92 | 0.004 |
| Alcohol abuse | 2.63 [2.13–3.14] | 1.72 [1.52–1.93] | 3.56 | 0.0004 | 2.11 [1.16–3.05] | 1.38 [1.21–1.55] | 1.84 | 0.07 |
| Suicidal acts | 2.27 [1.81–2.72] | 1.72 [1.52–1.92] | 2.45 | 0.02 | 1.80 [1.25–2.36] | 1.38 [1.21–1.55] | 1.59 | 0.11 |
| Hyperthymic | ||||||||
| Suicidal acts | 3.07 [2.63–3.51] | 3.83 [3.59–4.07]] | −3.06 | 0.002 | 2.96 [2.37–3.55 | 3.37 [3.54–3.58] | −1.29 | 0.20 |
| Any suicidality | 3.45 [3.18–3.71] | 4.07 [3.72–4.42] | −2.80 | 0.007 | 3.04 [2.77–3.30] | 3.73 [3.42–4.04] | −3.23 | 0.0008 |
| Anxious | ||||||||
| Substance abuse | 1.11 [0.90–1.31] | 1.43 [1.24–1.63] | 2.63 | 0.009 | 1.43 [1.09–1.77] | 1.68 [1.56–1.81] | 1.49 | 0.14 |