Table 1.
Socio-demographic and reproductive characteristics of the participants in urban South Ethiopia, July 2019–September 2020
| Variables | Stillbirth N = 38 |
Live birth N = 2510 |
Total (%) N = 2548 |
X2 (P-value) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number (%) | Number (%) | |||
| Inter-pregnancy interval | ||||
| < 18 months | 22 (58) | 732 (29) | 754 (29) | 14.9 (0.001) |
| 18–23 months | 4 (10) | 500 (20) | 504 (20) | |
| 24–60 months | 12 (32) | 1278 (51) | 1290 (51) | |
| Education | ||||
| No formal education | 6 (16) | 495 (20) | 501 (20) | 1.7 (0.65) |
| Primary | 14 (37) | 1055 (42) | 1069 (42) | |
| Secondary | 11 (29) | 530 (21) | 541 (21) | |
| Higher | 7 (18) | 430 (17) | 437 (17) | |
| Occupation | ||||
| Formally employed | 8 (21) | 399 (16) | 407 (16) | 0.74 (0.39) |
| Others | 30 (79) | 2111 (84) | 2141 (84) | |
| Parity | ||||
| 1–2 | 28 (74) | 1701 (68) | 1729 (68) | 3.1 (0.22) |
| 3–4 | 5 (13) | 597 (24) | 602 (24) | |
| ≥ 5 | 5 (13) | 207 (8) | 212 (8) | |
| Pregnancy intention | ||||
| Intended | 21 (55) | 1533 (61) | 1554 (61) | 0.53 (0.47) |
| Unintended | 17 (45) | 977 (39) | 994 (39) | |
| Methods of estimation of gestational age | ||||
| Last menstrual period | 33 (87) | 2307 (92) | 2340 (92) | 1.28 (0.26) |
| Ultrasound | 5 (13) | 203 (8) | 208 (8) | |
| Study site | ||||
| Hossana | 17 (48) | 961 (38) | 978 (38) | 4.51 (0.34) |
| Homecho | 5 (13) | 423 (17) | 428 (17) | |
| Jajura | 0 (0) | 200 (8) | 200 (8) | |
| Gimbichu | 5 (13) | 365 (15) | 370 (15) | |
| Shone | 11 (29) | 561 (22) | 572 (22) | |
| Continuous variables | ||||
| Age in years | 26.9 (4.1) | 27.5 (3.5) | 27.5 (3.5) | – |
| Age at first childbirth in years | 21.4 (2.7) | 21.4 (2.7) | 21.4 (2.7) | – |
Others: Merchant/vender/farmer/housewife. --: not applicable
Data were missed for parity (5), age (8) and age at first childbirth (5)
For continuous variables ‘mean (standard deviation)’ were estimated for each column