Table 2.
Utilization of medications stratified by clinical severity.
| Drug | Overall (n = 444) | Mild (n = 169) | Daily dose in mg unless otherwise specified (days) | Moderate (n = 113) | Daily dose in mg unless otherwise specified (days) | Severe (n = 162) | Daily dose in mg unless otherwise specified (days) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Repurposed drugs | |||||||
| Ivermectin | 73 (16.4) | 5 (3.0) | 12–36 (2–6) | 14 (12.4) | 10–36 (1–5) | 54 (33.3) | 12–36 (1–6) |
| Remdesivir | 200 (45.0) | 34 (20.1) | 100–200 (1–7) | 62 (54.9) | 100–300 (1–6) | 104 (64.2) | 100–300 (1–7) |
| Azithromycin | 128 (28.8) | 91 (53.8) | 250–500 (5) | 13 (11.5) | 250–500 (5) | 24 (14.8) | 500 (5) |
| Tocilizumab | 1 (0.2) | 0 | – | 0 | – | 1 (0.6) | 400 (1) |
| Corticosteroids | |||||||
| Dexamethasone | 405 (91.2) | 156 (92.3) | 4–24 (1−10) | 99 (87.6) | 4–32 (1−12) | 150 (92.6) | 4–24 (1–15) |
| Hydrocortisone | 17 (3.8) | 3 (1.8) | 250–750 (5) | 4 (3.5) | 100–500 (1–5) | 10 (6.2) | 250–500 (1–5) |
| Inhaled budesonide (puffs - 400 μg per puff) | 135 (30.4) | 9 (5.3) | 4-6p (2–7) | 53 (46.9) | 4-6p (1–10) | 73 (45.1) | 4-6p (1–15) |
| Methylprednisolone | 8 (1.8) | 1 (0.6) | 80 (4) | 2 (1.8) | 80 (1–2) | 5 (3.1) | 40–80 (1–6) |
| At least one corticosteroid | 417 (93.9) | 158 (93.5) | – | 105 (92.9) | – | 154 (95.1) | – |
| Repurposed drugs + corticosteroids | 283 (63.7) | 103 (60.9) | – | 64 (56.6) | – | 116 (71.6) | – |
| Antibiotics | |||||||
| Ceftriaxone (dose in g) | 168 (37.8) | 101 (59.8) | 2 (1–8) | 33 (29.2) | 2 (1–10) | 34 (21.0) | 2 (1–10) |
| Moxifloxacin | 202 (45.5) | 35 (20.7) | 400 (1–8) | 68 (60.2) | 400–500 (1−11) | 99 (61.1) | 400–800 (1–12) |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam (dose in g) | 66 (14.9) | 9 (5.3) | 1.35–4.5 (1–5) | 19 (16.8) | 0.675–4.5 (5–8) | 38 (23.5) | 0.675–4.5 (1–9) |
| Meropenem (dose in g) | 50 (11.3) | 6 (3.6) | 2 (5–7) | 13 (11.5) | 2–3 (3−12) | 31 (19.1) | 1–3 (1−13) |
| At least one antibiotica | 377 (84.9) | 132 (78.1) | – | 98 (86.7) | – | 147 (90.7) | – |
| At least one antibioticb | 399 (89.9) | 152 (89.9) | – | 98 (86.7) | 149 (92.0) | ||
| Antithrombotic | |||||||
| Heparin | 2 (0.5) | 0 | – | 1 (0.9) | – | 1 (0.6) | – |
| Enoxaparin | 26 (5.9) | 1 (0.6) | 40 (5) | 7 (6.2) | 60 (1) | 18 (11.1) | 40–120 (1–10) |
| Rivaroxaban | 184 (41.4) | 5 (3.0) | 10–30 (1–14) | 65 (57.5) | 15–30 (1–14) | 114 (70.4) | 10–30 (1–15) |
| Aspirin | 66 (14.9) | 33 (19.5) | 75 | 25 (22.1) | 75 | 8 (4.9) | 75 |
| At least one antithrombotic | 267 (60.1) | 47 (27.8) | – | 91 (80.5) | – | 129 (79.6) | – |
| Miscellaneous | |||||||
| Statin | 9 (2.0) | 0 | – | 5 (4.4) | – | 4 (2.5) | – |
| Cetirizine | 10 (2.3) | 3 (1.8) | – | 3 (2.7) | – | 4 (2.5) | – |
| Montelukast | 209 (47.1) | 13 (7.7) | – | 71 (62.8) | – | 125 (77.2) | – |
| Omeprazole | 347 (78.2) | 141 (83.4) | – | 93 (82.3) | – | 113 (69.8) | – |
a
Without azithromycin.
b
Inclusive of azithromycin.