Table 3.

Cox proportional hazards regression model modelling heart failure risk

Covariate	Coefficient	Hazard ratio	95% CI	P-value
ECG-AI outcome	5.05	155.61	58.93–410.92	<0.01
Gender	0.31	1.37	1.14–1.65	<0.01
Race	0.14	1.15	0.94–1.40	0.176
Age	0.08	1.09	1.07–1.11	<0.01
Diabetes	0.96	2.60	2.14–3.17	<0.01
Hypertension medication	0.49	1.62	1.35–1.96	<0.01
BMI	0.04	1.04	1.02–1.05	<0.01
Systolic blood pressure	0.01	1.017	1.00–1.01	<0.01
Prevalent coronary heart disease	0.89	2.44	1.89–3.14	<0.01
Ventricular rate	0.02	1.02	1.02–1.03	<0.01
Left ventricular hypertrophy	0.35	1.42	1.00–2.02	0.049
Valvular disease	1.35	3.86	1.98–7.53	<0.01
Smoking status	0.56	1.75	1.56–1.96	<0.01

BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; ECG-AI, electrocardiographic artificial intelligence.