Table 3.
Baseline demographic characteristics and clinical outcome measures of participants at the baseline: mean (SD) or n (%).
| Baseline demographic characteristics and clinical outcome measures | Overall (n = 50) | RPG (n = 25) | CG (n = 25) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 53.12 (5.41) | 53.40 (5.18) | 52.84 (5.74) | 0.719 |
| Gender (male/female), n | 23/27 | 11/14 | 12/13 | 0.782 |
| Educational status, n (%) | ||||
| (i) Matriculation | 8 (16) | 6 (24.0) | 2 (8.0) | 0.473 |
| (ii) Intermediate | 20 (40) | 8 (32.0) | 12 (48.0) | |
| (iii) Bachelor | 13 (26) | 7 (28.0) | 6 (24.0) | |
| (iv) Master | 9 (18) | 4 (16.0) | 5 (20.0) | |
| Employment, no. (%) | ||||
| (i) Yes | 33 (66) | 19 (76.0) | 14 (56.0) | 0.141 |
| (ii) No | 17 (34) | 6 (24.0) | 11 (44.0) | |
| Weight (kg), mean (SD) | 84.06 (11.09) | 86.68 (8.15) | 81.44 (13.05) | 0.095 |
| Height (m), mean (SD) | 2.63 (0.31) | 2.72 (0.34) | 2.54 (0.25) | 0.036 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 32.09 (4.16) | 32.18 (4.49) | 32.01 (3.89) | 0.885 |
| WOMAC pain (0–20), mean (SD) | 9.94 (1.73) | 9.84 (1.51) | 10.04 (1.94) | 0.687 |
| WOMAC stiffness (0–8), mean (SD) | 3.70 (1.70) | 3.84 (1.90) | 3.56 (1.50) | 0.567 |
| WOMAC physical function (0–68), mean (SD) | 23.60 (12.14) | 24.48 (12.77) | 22.72 (11.68) | 0.614 |
RPG, rehabilitation protocol group; CG, control group; SD, standard deviation; no., number; kg, kilogram; m, meter.