Table 2:

Association between vision impairment and subsequent depressive symptoms, Michigan Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation

	Mild Vision Impairment		Moderate-Severe Vision Impairment
	Odds Ratio	95% Confidence Interval	Odds Ratio	95% Confidence Interval
Model 1 a	1.54	(0.99–2.42)	2.03	(0.95–4.34)
Model 2 b	1.78	(1.04–3.05)	2.71	(1.28–5.73)
Model 3 c	1.68	(0.97–2.90)	2.55	(1.13–5.75)
Model 4 d	1.63	(0.95–2.82)	2.22	(0.94–5.27)

^aUnadjusted

^bAdjusted for age and pre-existing depressive symptoms

^cAdjusted for Model 2 + race, level of education, economic strain, body mass index, and smoking status

^dAdjusted for Model 3 + diabetes, hypertension, and osteoarthritis