Table 3.

Background of both CMV and HIV in children.

	References	Study design	Population	Major findings	Search strategy
Background (n = 2)	Adachi et al. (53)	Clinical Randomized Control Trial	1,684 HIV-infected pregnant women from Brazil, South Africa, Argentina, and the United States; infants tested positive for HIV at birth and at regular intervals up to 6 months old	Of the 992/1,684 newborns with urine samples, 6.5% had detectable CMV in their urine. The rate of cCMV among HIV-infected infants was 18%. Of these, 23.2% had “in-utero” initial infection, and 9.1% had “intrapartum” initial infection. These rates were highest for mothers not receiving antiretroviral drug therapy during pregnancy.	1
	Purswani et al. (54)	Cohort Study	895 HIV-exposed but uninfected children at 22 sites in Puerto Rico and the US	8 infants who were HIV-exposed but uninfected tested positive for cCMV, with a projected prevalence of 1.2–1.3% after sensitivity adjustments. There were no noted differences in cognition, language, and hearing assessments for these children.	1

cCMV, congenital cytomegalovirus; CMV, cytomegalovirus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.