Table 2.

Combined illustration of different learning understandings of doping prevention.

		International Standard for Education (World Anti-Doping Agency, 2021)
		Cognitive domain (remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate, create)	Affective domain (receiving, responding, valuing, organization, internalization)
Categories described by Backhouse et al. (2014, p. 53) and Gatterer et al. (2019, p. 232)	Information	Knowledge-focused approach (e.g., prohibited list, side effects, consequences of doping)
			Affective-focused approach (e.g., feelings of value and self-worth, self-image, personal challenges)
	Education	Social skills training (e.g., decision making under peer pressure, dilemma situations/resolve conflicts)
		Life skills training (combination of social and personal skill and knowledge, e.g., decision making anticipating potential consequences)
			Ethics and value-based (e.g., fair play, honesty, integrity)