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. 2021 Dec 16;12:719432. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.719432

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Copyright © 2021 Nissen, Ryding, Nilsson, Madsen, Olsen, Halekoh, Lydolph, Illes and Blaabjerg

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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CSF-Neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels at diagnosis and patient outcomes. Higher CSF-NfL values at diagnosis was associated with worse outcome at last follow-up in both NMDAR and LGI1-AE patients (A, B). Applying age-adjusted cut-off values for elevated CSF-NfL, showed that elevated NfL at diagnosis was associated with a poorer outcome in both the complete cohort tested and in idiopathic/teratoma associated NMDAR- and LGI1-AE patients combined (C, D). When further dividing the cohort into idiopathic/teratoma associated NMDAR-AE patients (E) and LGI1-AE patients alone (F), patients with elevated NfL at diagnosis still showed a poorer outcome, but no longer significant. NMDAR-AE patients with teratomas are shown as green datapoints (A). *p value < 0.05, **p value < 0.01, ***p value < 0.001.